Rečové schopnosti u chlapcov s poruchou autistického spektra v súvislosti s reprodukčným zdravím matky, endokrinnými disruptormi a typom pôrodu

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Autori: Klaudia Kyselicová ¹ ; Žofia Baroková ²; Dóra Dukonyová ¹ ; Branislav Bartko ²; Mariia Seliuk ²; Katarína Polónyiová ¹ ; Mária Vidošovičová ¹; Jozef Záhumenský ³ ; Radoslav Beňuš ² ; Daniela Ostatníková ¹
Pôsobisko autorov: Academic Center for Autism Research at the Physiological Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ¹; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ²; II. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of the UK and Ružinov University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ³
Vyšlo v časopise: Ceska Gynekol 2024; 89(5): 360-369
Kategória: Original Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg2024360

Súhrn

Ciele: Predkladaný výskum sa zaoberá identifikáciou prenatálnych faktorov vplývajúcich na abnormálny neurovývin a postnatálnu manifestáciu autistického fenotypu v súbore 107 chlapcov (priemerný vek 4,31 ± 2,24). Súbor a metódy: Biologické matky autistických chlapcov poskytli údaje týkajúce sa ich reprodukčného zdravia, infekcií počas gravidity, užívaní orálnej antikoncepcie pred počatím, prípadne užívaním návykových látok pred a počas gravidity a tiež informácie týkajúce sa novorodenca. Následne boli chlapci dia gnostikovaný na poruchy autistického spektra (PAS), pomocou dia gnostických nástrojov ADOS-2 (Autism Dia gnostic Observation Schedule) a ADI-R (Autism Dia gnostic Interview – Revised). V ADOSE-2 bol zvolený dia gnostický modul podľa rečových schopností dieťaťa, buď Modul 1 – neverbálny alebo minimálne verbálny chlapci (n = 68) a verbálni chlapci (n = 39). Výsledky: Na základe našich výsledkov, má reprodukčné zdravie matky súvisiace s dĺžkou menštruačného cyklu pred graviditou s autistickým dieťaťom, súvis s mierou rečového postihnutia (p = 0,017), taktiež počet predošlých tehotenstiev (p = 0,026). Matky neverbálnych detí uvádzali kratší cyklus (27,35 dní ± 6,60) ako matky verbálnych detí (30,14 days ± 4,44) a mali viac predošlých tehotenstiev (0,93 ± 1,07 vs. 0,51 ± 0,91). Neuviedli však počet živo narodených detí pred tehotenstvom s autistickým dieťaťom. Deti, ktoré boli neskôr dia gnostikované ako neverbálne, mali dlhší pôrod (od 2 do 48 hod; v priemere 11,13 hod, SD = 9,49), ako verbálne (od 1 do 27 hod, čo bolo v priemere 7,09 hod, SD = 8,91), p = 0,0182. Spôsob pôrodu nezohrával úlohu, ani spôsob počatia (prirodzené vs. umelé). Záver: Skúmanie prenatálnych faktorov v etiológii autizmu z hľadiska rečového vývinu sa javí ako dobrý prístup.

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ORCID authors

K. Kyselicová 0000-0002-5520-1657

D. Dukonyová 0009-0005-7192-4176

K. Polónyiová 0000-0002-3036-0651

J. Záhumenský 0000-0003-0475-6035

R. Beňuš 0000-0001-5917-1689

D. Ostatníková 0000-0002-4960-5057

Submitted/Doručené: 20. 6. 2024

Accepted/Prijaté: 22. 7. 2024

RNDr. Klaudia Kyselicová, PhD

Physiological Institute

Faculty of Medicine