Trends in risk factors for coronary heart disease in the Netherlands
Background:
Favourable trends in risk factor levels in the general population may partly explain the decline in coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to present long-term national trends in established risk factors for CHD.
Methods:
Data were obtained from five data sources including several large scale population based surveys, cohort studies and general practitioner registers between 1988 and 2012. We applied linear regression models to age-standardized time trends to test for statistical significant trends. Analyses were stratified by sex and age (younger <65 and older ≥65 years adults).
Results:
The results demonstrated favourable trends in smoking (except in older women) and physical activity (except in older men). Unfavourable trends were found for body mass index (BMI) and diabetes mellitus prevalence. Although systolic blood pressure (SBP) and total cholesterol trends were favourable for older persons, SBP and total cholesterol remained stable in younger persons.
Conclusions:
Four out of six risk factors for CHD showed a favourable or stable trend. The rise in diabetes mellitus and BMI is worrying with respect to CHD morbidity and mortality.
Keywords:
Coronary heart disease, Risk factors, the Netherlands, Trends
Autoři:
C. Koopman 1,2*; I. Vaartjes 1; A. Blokstra 3; W. M. M. Verschuren 1,3; M. Visser 4,5; D. J. H. Deeg 4; M. L. Bots 1; And I. Van Dis 2
Působiště autorů:
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht (STR 6. 1 1), P. O. Box 8 00, 08 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands.
1; Dutch Heart Foundation, The Hague, The Netherlands.
2; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
3; Department of Health Sciences, EMGO+ Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
4; Department of Dietetics and Nutrition Sciences, Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
5
Vyšlo v časopise:
BMC Public Health 2016, 16:835
Kategorie:
Research article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3526-7
© 2016 The Author(s).
Open access
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3526-7
Souhrn
Background:
Favourable trends in risk factor levels in the general population may partly explain the decline in coronary heart disease (CHD) morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to present long-term national trends in established risk factors for CHD.
Methods:
Data were obtained from five data sources including several large scale population based surveys, cohort studies and general practitioner registers between 1988 and 2012. We applied linear regression models to age-standardized time trends to test for statistical significant trends. Analyses were stratified by sex and age (younger <65 and older ≥65 years adults).
Results:
The results demonstrated favourable trends in smoking (except in older women) and physical activity (except in older men). Unfavourable trends were found for body mass index (BMI) and diabetes mellitus prevalence. Although systolic blood pressure (SBP) and total cholesterol trends were favourable for older persons, SBP and total cholesterol remained stable in younger persons.
Conclusions:
Four out of six risk factors for CHD showed a favourable or stable trend. The rise in diabetes mellitus and BMI is worrying with respect to CHD morbidity and mortality.
Keywords:
Coronary heart disease, Risk factors, the Netherlands, Trends
Zdroje
1. WHO. Non-communicable diseases (NCD) country profile The Netherlandss, 2014. http://www.who.int/nmh/countries/nld_en.pdf Accessed 2 Mar 2016.
2. Koopman C, Bots ML, van Oeffelen AA, et al. Population trends and inequalities in incidence and short-term outcome of acute myocardial infarction between 1998 and 2007. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:993–8.
3. Koopman C, Bots ML, van Dis I, Vaartjes I. Shifts in the age distribution and from acute to chronic coronary heart disease hospitalizations. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2014. doi:10.1177/2047487314544975.
4. Vaartjes I, O'Flaherty M, Grobbee DE, Bots ML, Capewell S. Coronary heart disease mortality trends in the Netherlands 1972–2007. Heart. 2011;97:569–73.
5. Koopman C, Vaartjes I, Heintjes EM, et al. Persisting gender differences and attenuating age differences in cardiovascular drug use for prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease, 1998–2010. Eur Heart J. 2013;34:3198–205.
6. Bajekal M, Scholes S, Love H, et al. Analysing recent socioeconomic trends in coronary heart disease mortality in England, 2000–2007: a population modelling study. PLoS Med. 2012;9, e1001237.
7. Hotchkiss JW, Davies CA, Dundas R, et al. Explaining trends in Scottish coronary heart disease mortality between 2000 and 2010 using IMPACTSEC model: retrospective analysis using routine data. BMJ. 2014;348:g1088.
8. Wijeysundera HC, Machado M, Farahati F, et al. Association of temporal trends in risk factors and treatment uptake with coronary heart disease mortality, 1994–2005. JAMA. 2010;303:1841–7.
9. Monshouwer K, Verdurmen J, Harbers MM. Neemt het aantal mensen dat rookt toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheidsdeterminanten/leefstijl/roken/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
10. Wendel-Vos GCW. Neemt het aantal mensen met voldoende lichamelijke activiteit toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheidsdeterminanten/leefstijl/lichamelijke-activiteit/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
11. Blokstra A, van Dis I, Geleijnse, JM. Neemt het aantal mensen met een ongunstig serumcholesterolgehalte toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheidsdeterminanten/persoonsgebonden/serumcholesterol/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
12. Bakel AM van, Zantinge EM. Neemt het aantal mensen met overgewicht toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheidsdeterminanten/persoonsgebonden/overgewicht/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
13. Blokstra A. Neemt het aantal mensen met een verhoogde bloeddruk toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheidsdeterminanten/persoonsgebonden/bloeddruk/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
14. Baan CA, Poos MJJC. Neemt het aantal mensen met diabetes mellitus toe of af? In: Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning, Nationaal Kompas Volksgezondheid. Bilthoven: RIVM. http://www.nationaalkompas.nl/gezondheid-en-ziekte/ziekten-en-aandoeningen/endocriene-voedings-enstofwisselingsziekten-en-immuniteitsstoornissen/diabetes-mellitus/trend/ (in Dutch) Accessed 8 Jan 2016.
15. Verschuren WM, Blokstra A, Picavet HS, Smit HA. Cohort profile: the Doetinchem Cohort Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2008;37:1236–41.
16. Hulsegge G, Looman M, Smit HA, Daviglus ML, van der Schouw YT, Verschuren WM. Lifestyle Changes in Young Adulthood and Middle Age and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: The Doetinchem Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016. doi:10.1161/JAHA.115.002432.
17. Huisman M, Poppelaars J, van der Horst M, et al. Cohort profile: the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40:868–76.
18. Eggen AE, Mathiesen EB, Wilsgaard T, Jacobsen BK, Njolstad I. Trends in cardiovascular risk factors across levels of education in a general population: is the educational gap increasing? The Tromso study 1994–2008. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014;68:712–9.
19. Eriksson M, Holmgren L, Janlert U, et al. Large improvements in major cardiovascular risk factors in the population of northern Sweden: the MONICA study 1986–2009. J Intern Med. 2011;269:219–31.
20. Farzadfar F, Finucane MM, Danaei G, et al. National, regional, and global trends in serum total cholesterol since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 321 country-years and 3.0 million participants. Lancet. 2011;377:578–86.
21. Hotchkiss JW, Davies C, Gray L, Bromley C, Capewell S, Leyland AH. Trends in adult cardiovascular disease risk factors and their socio-economic patterning in the Scottish population 1995–2008: cross-sectional surveys. BMJ Open. 2011;1, e000176.
22. Hulman A, Tabak AG, Nyari TA, et al. Effect of secular trends on age-related trajectories of cardiovascular risk factors: the Whitehall II longitudinal study 1985–2009. Int J Epidemiol. 2014;43:866–77.
23. Scholes S, Bajekal M, Love H, et al. Persistent socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular risk factors in England over 1994–2008: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:129.
24. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lu Y, et al. National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2.7 million participants. Lancet. 2011;378:31–40.
25. Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, et al. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011;377:557–67.
26. Danaei G, Finucane MM, Lin JK, et al. National, regional, and global trends in systolic blood pressure since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 786 country-years and 5.4 million participants. Lancet. 2011;377:568–77.
27. Hendriksen MAH, Wilson-van den Hooven EC, van der A DL. Zout- en jodiuminname 2010. Voedingsstatusonderzoek bij volwassen uit Doetinchem. RIVM Rapport 350070004/2011
28. Houterman S, Verschuren WM, Oomen CM, Boersma-Cobbaert CM, Kromhout D. Trends in total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol and their determinants in The Netherlands between 1993 and 1997. Int J Epidemiol. 2001;30:1063–70.
29. Voedingscentrum. Zo eet Nederland. Resultaten van de voedselconsumptiepeiling 1997–1998. Den Haag: Voedingscentrum; 1998 (in Dutch).
30. van Rossum CTM, Fransen HP, Verkaik-Kloosterman J, et al. Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2007–2010; diet of children and adults aged 7 to 69 years. RIVM-rapport nr. 350050006/2011. Bilthoven: Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM); 2011 (in Dutch).
31. Wammes B, Breedveld B, Looman C, Brug J. The impact of a national mass media campaign in the Netherlands on the prevention of weight gain. Public Health Nutr. 2005;8:1250–7.
32. Nagelhout GE, Willemsen MC, de Vries H. The population impact of smokefree workplace and hospitality industry legislation on smoking behaviour. Findings from a national population survey. Addiction. 2011;106:816–23.
33. Lemmens VE, Oenema A, Klepp KI, Henriksen HB, Brug J. A systematic review of the evidence regarding efficacy of obesity prevention interventions among adults. Obes Rev. 2008;9:446–55.
34. Hulsegge G, Picavet HS, Blokstra A, et al. Today's adult generations are less healthy than their predecessors: generation shifts in metabolic risk factors: the Doetinchem Cohort Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2014;21:1134–44.
Článok vyšiel v časopise
BMC Public Health
2016 Číslo 835
- Metamizol jako analgetikum první volby: kdy, pro koho, jak a proč?
- Nejasný stín na plicích – kazuistika
- Masturbační chování žen v ČR − dotazníková studie
- Úspěšná resuscitativní thorakotomie v přednemocniční neodkladné péči
- Fixní kombinace paracetamol/kodein nabízí synergické analgetické účinky
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle