The prevalence of oral HPV infection in healthy populations: A systematic review with a focus on European populations

Download PDF Česká verzia

Authors: S. Simonidesová ^1,2; E. Hamšíková ²; J. Klozar ¹ ; R. Tachezy ³
Authors place of work: Klinika otorinolaryngologie a chirurgie hlavy a krku, 1. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Fakultní nemocnice v Motole, Praha ¹; Oddělení imunologie, Ústav hematologie a krevní transfuze, Praha ²; Katedra genetiky a mikrobiologie, Přírodovědecká fakulta UK, Praha ³
Published in the journal: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 67, 2018, č. 4, s. 175-183
Category: Souhrnné sdělení

Summary

Background:

Human papillomaviruses (HPV), a group of small, tumorigenic DNA viruses, are causally linked to cervical cancer and various other anogenital, oral, and oropharyngeal malignancies in both males and females. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the most recent data on the prevalence of oral HPV in healthy populations in Europe.

Methods:

A systematic review of the European studies on the prevalence of oral HPV infections published from January 2011 to September 2017.

Results:

The overall prevalence rates of oral HPV in healthy populations vary between 1.2% and 11.6%, with high-risk types of HPV (HR HPV) detected in 2.2% to 7.2% of individuals and HPV16 in 0.2% to 2.9% of individuals. The overall prevalence rate of oral HPV infections was considerably higher in men having sex with men as compared to heterosexual men and women.

Conclusion:

The prevalence rates of oral HPV infection in European populations are comparable to the results of the studies conducted in the USA and Asia. However, the European studies did not focus on the risk factors for oral HPV infection in healthy populations. A statistically significant relationship between oral sex, smoking, and HPV infection as observed in extensive studies from the USA was confirmed by a single European study.

Keywords:

HPV – infection – prevalence – Europe – risk factors

Zdroje

1. Cubie HA. Diseases associated with human papillomavirus infection. Virology, 2013;445:21–34.

2. Sabol I, Smahelova J, Klozar J, Mravak-Stipetic M, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Grce M, Tachezy R. Beta-HPV types in patients with head and neck pathology and in healthy subjects. J Clin Virol, 2016;82:159–165.

3. Durst M, Gissmann L, Ikenberg H, Zur HH. A papillomavirus DNA from a cervical carcinoma and its prevalence in cancer biopsy samples from different geographic regions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1983;80:3812–3815.

4. Lydiatt WM, Patel SG, O‘Sullivan B, Brandwein MS, Ridge JA, Migliacci JC, Loomis AM, Shah JP. Head and Neck cancers-major changes in the American Joint Committee on cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual. CA Cancer J Clin, 2017;67:122–137.

5. Tachezy R, Klozar J, Rubenstein L, Smith E, Salakova M, Smahelova J, Ludvikova V, Rotnaglova E, Kodet R, Hamsikova E. Demographic and risk factors in patients with head and neck tumors. J Med Virol 2009;81:878–887.

6. Kurose K, Terai M, Soedarsono N, Rabello D, Nakajima Y, Burk RD, Takagi M. Low prevalence of HPV infection and its natural history in normal oral mucosa among volunteers on Miyako Island, Japan. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004;98:91–96.

7. Gonzalez-Losa MR, Barrera ES, Herrera-Pech V, Conde-Ferraez L, Puerto-Solis M, Ayora-Talavera G. Epidemiology of oral HPV in the oral mucosa in women without signs of oral disease from Yucatan, Mexico. Braz J Microbiol, 2015;46:301–306.

8. Rotnaglova E, Tachezy R, Salakova M, Prochazka B, Koslabova E, Vesela E, Ludvikova V, Hamsikova E, Klozar J. HPV involvement in tonsillar cancer: Prognostic significance and clinically relevant markers. Int J Cancer, 2011;129:101–110.

9. Lupato V, Holzinger D, Hofler D, Menegaldo A, Giorgi RP, Del MA, Da Mosto MC, Pawlita M, Boscolo-Rizzo P. Prevalence and Determinants of Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection in 500 Young Adults from Italy. PLoS One, 2017;12:e0170091.

10. Durzynska J, Pacholska-Bogalska J, Kaczmarek M, Hanc T, Durda M, Skrzypczak M, Gozdzicka-Jozefiak A. HPV genotypes in the oral cavity/oropharynx of children and adolescents: cross-sectional survey in Poland. Eur J Pediatr, 2011;170:757–761.

11. Koskimaa HM, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Grenman S, Syrjanen K, Syrjanen S. Human papillomavirus genotypes present in the oral mucosa of newborns and their concordance with maternal cervical human papillomavirus genotypes. J Pediatr, 2012;160:837–843.

12. Rautava J, Willberg J, Louvanto K, Wideman L, Syrjanen K, Grenman S, Syrjanen S. Prevalence, genotype distribution and persistence of human papillomavirus in oral mucosa of women: a six-year follow-up study. PLoS One, 2012;7:e42171.

13. Kero K, Rautava J, Syrjanen K, Willberg J, Grenman S, Syrjanen S. Smoking increases oral HPV persistence among men: 7-year follow-up study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 2014;33:123–133.

14. Dalla TD, Burtscher D, Solder E, Widschwendter A, Rasse M, Puelacher W. The impact of sexual behavior on oral HPV infections in young unvaccinated adults. Clin Oral Investig, 2016;20: 1551–1557.

15. Termine N, Giovannelli L, Matranga D, Caleca MP, Bellavia C, Perino A, Campisi G. Oral human papillomavirus infection in women with cervical HPV infection: new data from an Italian cohort and a metanalysis of the literature. Oral Oncol, 2011;47:244–250.

16. Kofoed K, Sand C, Forslund O, Madsen K. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in anal and oral sites among patients with genital warts. Acta Derm Venereol, 2014;94:207–211.

17. van Rijn VM, Mooij SH, Mollers M, Snijders PJ, Speksnijder AG, King AJ, de Vries HJ, van EA, van der Klis FR, de Melker HE, van der Sande MA, van der Loeff MF. Anal, penile, and oral high-risk HPV infections and HPV seropositivity in HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men. PLoS One, 2014;9:e92208.

18. Rollo F, Latini A, Pichi B, Colafigli M, Benevolo M, Sinopoli I, Sperduti I, Laquintana V, Fabbri G, Frasca M, Cristaudo A, Giuliani M, Dona MG. Prevalence and determinants of oral infection by Human Papillomavirus in HIV-infected and uninfected men who have sex with men. PLoS One, 2017;12:e0184623.

19. Pugliese DB, Bruzzesi G, Montaldo C, Porcu L, Landi M, Mastinu A, Torri V, Licitra L, Locati LD. Oral prevalence and clearance of oncogenic human papilloma virus in a rehabilitation community for substance abusers in Italy: a case of behavioral correction? J Oral Pathol Med, 2015;44:728–733.

20. Louvanto K, Sarkola M, Rintala M, Syrjanen K, Grenman S, Syrjanen S. Breast Milk is a Potential Vehicle for HPV Transmission to Oral Mucosa of the Spouse. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2017.

21. Cazzaniga M, Gheit T, Casadio C, Khan N, Macis D, Valenti F, Miller MJ, Sylla BS, Akiba S, Bonanni B, DeCensi A, Veronesi U, Tommasino M. Analysis of the presence of cutaneous and mucosal papillomavirus types in ductal lavage fluid, milk and colostrum to evaluate its role in breast carcinogenesis. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009;114:599–605.

22. Martinelli M, Zappa A, Bianchi S, Frati E, Colzani D, Amendola A, Tanzi E. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genotype frequency in the oral mucosa of newborns in Milan, Italy. Clin Microbiol Infect, 2012;18:E197–E199.

23. Grun N, Ahrlund-Richter A, Franzen J, Mirzaie L, Marions L, Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in youth and cervical HPV prevalence in women attending a youth clinic in Sweden, a follow up-study 2013-2014 after gradual introduction of public HPV vaccination. Infect Dis (Lond), 2015;47:57–61.

24. Dahlstrom KR, Burchell AN, Ramanakumar AV, Rodrigues A, Tellier PP, Hanley J, Coutlee F, Franco EL. Sexual transmission of oral human papillomavirus infection among men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2014;23:2959–2964.

25. Kreimer AR, Bhatia RK, Messeguer AL, Gonzalez P, Herrero R, Giuliano AR. Oral human papillomavirus in healthy individuals: a systematic review of the literature. Sex Transm Dis, 2010;37:386–391.

26. Shigeishi H, Sugiyama M. Risk Factors for Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med Res, 2016;8:721–729.

27. Kreimer AR, Pierce Campbell CM, Lin HY, Fulp W, Papenfuss MR, Abrahamsen M, Hildesheim A, Villa LL, Salmeron JJ, Lazcano-Ponce E, Giuliano AR. Incidence and clearance of oral human papillomavirus infection in men: the HIM cohort study. Lancet, 2013;382:877–887.

28. Wood ZC, Bain CJ, Smith DD, Whiteman DC, Antonsson A. Oral human papillomavirus infection incidence and clearance: a systematic review of the literature. J Gen Virol, 2017;98:519–526.

29. Lawton G, Thomas S, Schonrock J, Monsour F, Frazer IH. Human papillomaviruses in normal oral mucosa: a comparison of methods for sample collection. J Oral Pathol Med, 1992;21:265–269.

30. Jarboe EA, Willis M, Bentz B, Buchmann L, Hunt J, Ellis G, Layfield L. Detection of human papillomavirus using hybrid capture 2 in oral brushings from patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Clin Pathol, 2011;135:766–769.

31. Gillison ML, Broutian T, Pickard RK, Tong ZY, Xiao W, Kahle L, Graubard BI, Chaturvedi AK. Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the United States, 2009–2010. JAMA, 2012;307:693–703.

32. Hang D, Liu F, Liu M, He Z, Sun M, Liu Y, Li J, Pan Y, Ning T, Guo C, Liang Y, Xu R, Zhang L, Cai H, Ke Y. Oral human papillomavirus infection and its risk factors among 5,410 healthy adults in China, 2009–2011. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2014;23:2101–2110.

33. Conway DI, Robertson C, Gray H, Young L, McDaid LM, Winter AJ, Campbell C, Pan J, Kavanagh K, Kean S, Bhatia R, Cubie H, Clarkson JE, Bagg J, Pollock KG, Cuschieri K. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Oral Prevalence in Scotland (HOPSCOTCH): A Feasibility Study in Dental Settings. PLoS One, 2016;11:e0165847.

34. Antonsson A, Cornford M, Perry S, Davis M, Dunne MP, Whiteman DC. Prevalence and risk factors for oral HPV infection in young Australians. PLoS One, 2014;9:e91761.

35. Cook RL, Thompson EL, Kelso NE, Friary J, Hosford J, Barkley P, Dodd VJ, Abrahamsen M, Ajinkya S, Obesso PD, Rashid MH, Giuliano AR. Sexual behaviors and other risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infections in young women. Sex transm dis, 2014;41:486–492.

36. D‘Souza G, Kluz N, Wentz A, Youngfellow RM, Griffioen A, Stammer E, Guo Y, Xiao W, Gillison ML. Oral Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection among Unvaccinated High-Risk Young Adults. Cancers (Basel), 2014;6:1691–1704.

37. Nishimura Y, Maeda H, Hattori M, Azumaya F, Muramatsu I, Kameyama Y, Tanaka Y, Kawaguchi T. Human papillomavirus infec-tion in the oral cavity of denture wearers. Nihon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai Zasshi, 2004;48:713–722.

38. Kreimer AR: Prospects for prevention of HPV-driven oropharynx cancer. Oral Oncol, 2014;50:555–559.

39. Fakhry C, Andersen KK, Christensen J, Agrawal N, Eisele DW. The Impact of Tonsillectomy upon the Risk of Oropharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Prognosis in the Danish Cancer Registry. Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 2015;8:583–589.

40. Tatar TZ, Kis A, Szabo E, Czompa L, Boda R, Tar I, Szarka K. Prevalence of human papillomaviruses in the healthy oral mucosa of women with high-grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion and of their partners as compared to healthy controls. J Oral Pathol Med, 2015;44:722–727.

41. Szydlowski J, Jonczyk-Potoczna K, Pucher B, Buraczynska-Andrzejewska B, Prauzinska M, Kolasinska-Lipinska J, Krauss H, Piatek J, Zukiewicz-Sobczak W. Prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in upper respiratory tract mucosa in a group of pre-school children. Ann Agric Environ Med, 2014;21:822–824.

42. Migaldi M, Pecorari M, Forbicini G, Nanni N, Grottola A, Grandi T, Delle DG, Leocata P, Trovato D, Sgambato A. Low prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in the healthy oral mucosa of a Northern Italian population. J Oral Pathol Med, 2012;41:16–20.

43. Mammas IN, Sourvinos G, Giamarelou P, Michael C, Spandidos DA. Human papillomavirus in the oral cavity of children and mode of delivery: a retrospective study. Int J STD AIDS, 2012;23:185–188.

44. Adamopoulou M, Vairaktaris E, Nkenke E, Avgoustidis D, Karakitsos P, Sioulas V, Nisyrios T, Yapijakis C. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in saliva and cervix of sexually active women. Gynecol Oncol, 2013;129:395–400.

45. Mravak-Stipetic M, Sabol I, Kranjcic J, Knezevic M, Grce M. Human papillomavirus in the lesions of the oral mucosa according to topography. PLoS One, 2013;8:e69736.

46. Meyer MF, Huebbers CU, Siefer OG, Vent J, Engbert I, Eslick GD, Valter M, Klussmann JP, Preuss SF. Prevalence and risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection in 129 women screened for cervical HPV infection. Oral Oncol, 2014;50:27–31.

47. Grun N, Mbuya W, Ternhag A, Ramqvist T, Ahlberg A, Jangard M, Dalianis T, Hammarstedt-Nordenvall L. Human papillomavirus prevalence in mouthwashes of patients undergoing tonsillectomy shows dominance of HPV69, without the corresponding finding in the tonsils. Infect Dis (Lond), 2017;49:588–593.

48. Visalli G, Curro M, Facciola A, Riso R, Mondello P, Lagana P, Di PA, Picerno I, Spataro P. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in saliva of women with HPV genital lesions. Infect Agent Cancer, 2016;11:48.

49. Kero K, Rautava J, Louvanto K, Syrjanen K, Grenman S, Syrjanen S. Genotype-specific concordance of oral and genital human papillomavirus infections among marital couples is low. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 2016;35:697–704.

50. Nordfors C, Grun N, Haeggblom L, Tertipis N, Sivars L, Mattebo M, Larsson M, Haggstrom-Nordin E, Tyden T, Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Oral human papillomavirus prevalence in high school students of one municipality in Sweden. Scand J Infect Dis, 2013;45:878–881.

51. Du J, Nordfors C, Ahrlund-Richter A, Sobkowiak M, Romanitan M, Nasman A, Andersson S, Ramqvist T, Dalianis T. Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among youth, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis, 2012;18:1468–1471.