#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Invasive fungal disease: terminology, definition and therapeutic approach – 2009 update


Authors: Haber Jan;  Forsterová Kristina
Authors place of work: I. interní klinika – klinika hematologie, UK v Praze, 1. LF a VFN Praha
Published in the journal: Anest. intenziv. Med., 21, 2010, č. 1, s. 31-38
Category: Intensive Care Medicine - Review Article

Summary

The treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD) has become a regular component of the complex treatment of hematological malignancies and IFD has become a problem in ICU patients as well. In an effort to improve the communication between physicians and clinical researchers, and to improve the understanding of the different terms used inconsistently to describe the same medical situation or diagnosis, a panel of experts first published definitions of opportunistic invasive fungal diseases in 2002. They were later accepted both in Europe and the USA and updated in 2008. We review the new data and characteristics of the various treatment approaches (prophylactic – empiric – pre-emptive – and targeted therapy) in the context of the level of certainty of the diagnosis of IFD (proven – probable – possible IFD) and finally we present the definitions used for the response to therapy (complete – partial remission – failure).

Keywords:
invasive fungal disease (IFD) – revised definitions – prophylaxis – empiric – pre-emptive – targeted therapy – proven, probable, possible IFD


Zdroje

1. Ascioglu, S., Rex, J. H., de Pauw, B. et al. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: an international consensus. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2002, 34, 1, p. 7–14.

2. de Pauw, B. E., Patterson, T. F. Should the consensus guidelines’ specific criteria for the diagnosis of invasive fungal infection be changed? Clin. Infect. Dis., 2005, 41, Suppl., 6, p. S377–380.

3. De Pauw, B., Walsh, T. J., Donnelly, J. P. et al. Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2008, 46, 12, p. 1813–1821.

4. Rubin, R. H., Ikonen, T., Gummert, J. F., Morris, R. E. The therapeutic prescription for the organ transplant recipient: the linkage of immunosuppression and antimicrobial strategies. Transpl. Infect. Dis., 1999, 1, 1, p. 29–39.

5. O’Brien, S. N., Blijlevens, N. M., Mahfouz, T. H., Anaissie, E. J. Infections in patients with hematological cancer: recent developments. Hematology Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program, 2003, p. 438–472.

6. de Pauw, B. E., Rubin, R. H. Empiric versus preemptive therapy in the management of febrile neutropenia in the patient being treated for hematologic malignancy. Transpl. Infect. Dis., 2006, 8, 1, p. 1–2.

7. Ruping, M. J., Vehreschild, J. J., Cornely, O. A. Patients at high risk of invasive fungal infections: when and how to treat. Drugs, 2008, 68, 14, p. 1941–1962.

8. Goodman, J. L., Winston, D. J., Greenfield, R. A. et al. A controlled trial of fluconazole to prevent fungal infections in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, 326, 13, p. 845–851.

9. Slavin, M. A., Osborne, B., Adams, R. et al. Efficacy and safety of fluconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after marrow transplantation – a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1995, 171, 6, p. 1545–1552.

10. Prentice, H. G., Kibbler, C. C., Prentice, A. G. Towards a targeted, risk-based, antifungal strategy in neutropenic patients. British Journal of Haematology, 2000, 110, 2, p. 273–284.

11. Cordonnier, C., Calandra, T. The first European conference on infections in leukaemia: Why and how? European Journal of Cancer Supplements, 2007, 5, 2, p. 2–4.

12. Cornely, O. A., Bohme, A., Buchheidt, D. et al. Primary prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. Recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the German Society for Haematology and Oncology. Haematologica, 2009, 94, 1, p. 113–122.

13. Cornely, O. A., Bohme, A., Buchheidt, D. et al. Prophylaxis of invasive fungal infections in patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors – guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO). Annals of Hematology, 2003, 82, Suppl. 2, p. S186–200.

14. Cornely, O. A., Maertens, J., Winston, D. J. et al. Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2007, 356, 4, p. 348–359.

15. Robenshtok, E., Gafter-Gvili, A., Goldberg, E. et al. Antifungal prophylaxis in cancer patients after chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Clin. Oncol., 2007, 25, 34, p. 5471–5489.

16. Pizzo, P. A. Fever in immunocompromised patients. The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999, 341, 12, p. 893–900.

17. Pizzo, P. A., Robichaud, K. J., Gill, F. A., Witebsky, F. G. Empiric antibiotic and antifungal therapy for cancer patients with prolonged fever and granulocytopenia. The American Journal of Medicine, 1982, 72, 1, p. 101–111.

18. EORTC IATCG Empiric antifungal therapy in febrile granulocytopenic patients. EORTC International Antimicrobial Therapy Cooperative Group. The American Journal of Medicine, 1989, 86, 6 Pt 1, p. 668–672.

19. Bodey, G., Bueltmann, B., Duguid, W. et al. Fungal infections in cancer patients: an international autopsy survey. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1992, 11, 2, p. 99–109.

20. Morrell, M., Fraser, V. J., Kollef, M. H. Delaying the empiric treatment of candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: a potential risk factor for hospital mortality. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 2005, 49, 9, p. 3640–3645.

21. Garey, K. W., Rege, M., Pai, M. P. et al. Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2006, 43, 1, 25–31.

22. von Eiff, M., Roos, N., Schulten, R., Hesse, M., Zuhlsdorf, M., van de Loo, J. Pulmonary aspergillosis: early diagnosis improves survival. Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases, 1995, 62, 6, p. 341–347.

23. Blumberg, H. M., Jarvis, W. R., Soucie, J. M. et al. Risk factors for candidal bloodstream infections in surgical intensive care unit patients: the NEMIS prospective multicenter study. The National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2001, 33, 2, p. 177–186.

24. Fukuda, T., Boeckh, M., Carter, R. A. et al. Risks and outcomes of invasive fungal infections in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants after nonmyeloablative conditioning. Blood, 2003, 102, 3, p. 827–833.

25. Parkins, M. D., Sabuda, D. M., Elsayed, S., Laupland, K. B. Adequacy of empirical antifungal therapy and effect on outcome among patients with invasive Candida species infections. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2007, 60, 3, p. 613–618.

26. Bennett, J. E., Powers, J., Walsh, T. et al. Forum report: issues in clinical trials of empirical antifungal therapy in treating febrile neutropenic patients. Clin. Infect Dis., 2003, 36, Suppl 3, p. S117–122.

27. Schiel, X., Link, H., Maschmeyer, G. et al. A prospective, randomized multicenter trial of the empirical addition of antifungal therapy for febrile neutropenic cancer patients: results of the Paul Ehrlich Society for Chemotherapy (PEG) Multicenter Trial II. Infection, 2006, 34, 3, p. 118–126.

28. de Pauw, B. E., Donnelly, J. P. Timely intervention for invasive fungal disease: should the road now lead to the laboratory instead of the pharmacy? Clin. Infect. Dis., 2009, 48, 8, p. 1052–1054.

29. Klastersky, J. Antifungal therapy in patients with fever and neutropenia – more rational and less empirical? The New England journal of medicine, 2004, 351, 14, p. 1445–1447.

30. Marr, K. A. Empirical antifungal therapy – new options, new tradeoffs. The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002, 346, 4, p. 278–280.

31. Maertens, J., Theunissen, K., Verhoef, G. et al. Galactomannan and computed tomography-based preemptive antifungal therapy in neutropenic patients at high risk for invasive fungal infection: a prospective feasibility study. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2005, 41, 9, p. 1242–1250.

32. Cordonnier, C., Pautas, C., Maury, S. et al. Empirical versus preemptive antifungal therapy for high-risk, febrile, neutropenic patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2009, 48, 8, p. 1042–1051.

33. Bouza, E. M., Guinea, J. Mucormycosis: an emerging disease? Clin. Microbiol. Infect., 2006, 12, 7, p. 7–23.

34. Sun, H. Y., Singh, N. Emerging importance of infections due to zygomycetes in organ transplant recipients. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2008, 32, Suppl 2, p. S115–118.

35. Segal, B. H., Herbrecht, R., Stevens, D. A. et al. Defining responses to therapy and study outcomes in clinical trials of invasive fungal diseases: Mycoses Study Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus criteria. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2008, 47, 5, p. 674–683.

36. Caillot, D., Couaillier, J. F., Bernard, A. et al. Increasing volume and changing characteristics of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis on sequential thoracic computed tomography scans in patients with neutropenia. J. Clin. Oncol., 2001, 19, 1, p. 253–259.

37. Miceli, M. H., Maertens, J., Buve, K. et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in cancer patients with pulmonary aspergillosis recovering from neutropenia: Proof of principle, description, and clinical and research implications. Cancer, 2007, 110, 1, p. 112–120.

38. Sipsas, N. V., Kontoyiannis, D. P. Clinical issues regarding relapsing aspergillosis and the efficacy of secondary antifungal prophylaxis in patients with hematological malignancies. Clin. Infect. Dis., 2006, 42, 11, p. 1584–1591.

Štítky
Anaesthesiology, Resuscitation and Inten Intensive Care Medicine
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#