Selected aspects of the management of the brain-dead organ donor

1. Valentová Bartáková L, Fila L, Šimonek J, Lischke R. Transplantace plic v České republice. Postgraduální medicína. 2014;16:191–200.

2. Zákon 44/2013, kterým se mění zákon č. 285/2002 Sb., o darování, odběrech a transplantacích tkání a orgánů a o změně některých zákonů (transplantační zákon), ve znění pozdějších předpisů, a další související zákony. In: Sbírka zákonů. 25. 2. 2013, částka 19. Dostupný z http://www.psp.cz/sqw/sbirka.sqw?cz=44&r=2013

3. Vyhláška Ministerstva zdravotnictví ČR 115/2013 Sb., Vyhláška o stanovení specializované způsobilosti lékařů zjišťujících smrt a lékařů provádějících vyšetření potvrzující nevratnost smrti pro účely odběru tkání nebo orgánů určených pro transplantaci. In: Sbírka zákonů. 7. 5. 2013, částka 51, dostupné z http://www.psp.cz/sqw/sbirka.sqw?cz=115&r=2013

4. Vyhláška Ministerstva zdravotnictví ČR 114/2013 Sb. Vyhláška o stanovení bližších podmínek posuzování zdravotní způsobilosti a rozsahu vyšetření žijícího nebo zemřelého dárce tkání nebo orgánů pro účely transplantací (vyhláška o zdravotní způsobilosti dárce tkání a orgánů pro účely transplantací). In: Sbírka zákonů. 7. 5. 2013, částka 51, dostupné z https://www.psp.cz/sqw/sbirka.sqw?cz=114&r=2013

5. Sözen H, Fidan K, Mahli A, et al. Successful solid organ transplantation from septicemic cadaveric donors: case report. Transplant Proc. 2008;40:299–301.

6. Nalesnik MA, Woodle ES, Dimaio JM, et al. Donor-transmitted malignancies in organ transplantation: assessment of clinical risk. Am J Transplant. 2011;11:1140–1147.

7. Ison MG, Hager J, Blumberg E, et al. Donor-derived disease transmission events in the United States: data reviewed by the OPTN/UNOS Disease Transmission Advisory Committee. Am J Transplant. 2009;9:1929–1935.

8. Kauffman HM, Cherikh WS, McBride MA, Cheng Y, Hanto DW. Deceased donors with a past history of malignancy: An organ procurement and transplantation network/united network for organ sharing update. Transplantation. 2007;84:272–274.

9. Feng S, Buell JF, Chari RS, DiMaio JM, Hanto DW. Tumors and transplantation: The 2003 third annual ASTS stateof-the-art winter symposium. Am J Transplant. 2003;3:148–1487.

10. Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, Greene FL, Trotti III A, eds. AJCC cancer staging manual. 7th Ed: Springer: New York, 2010.

11. Wijdicks EF, Varelas PN, Gronseth GS, et al. Evidence-based guideline update: determining brain death in adults: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2010;74:1911–1918.

12. Lévesque S, Lessard MR, Nicole PC, et al. Efficacy of a T-piece system and a continuous positive airway pressure system for apnea testing in the diagnosis of brain death. Crit Care Med. 2006;34:2213–2216.

13. Hüttemann E, Schelenz C, Sakka SG, Reinhart K. Atropine test and circulatory arrest in the fossa posterior assessed by trans­cranial Doppler. Intensive Care Med. 2000;26:422–425.

14. Díaz-Regañón G, Miñambres E, Holanda M, et al. Usefulness of venous oxygen saturation in the jugular bulb for the diagnosis of brain death: report of 118 patients. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28:1724–1728.

15. Young GB. Diagnosis of brain death. In: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA. Dostupné z http://www.uptodate.com/contents/diagnosis-of-brain-death#H3 ; 4. 1. 2016.

16. Chisholm N, Gillett G. The patient‘s journey: living with locked-in syndrome. BMJ. 2005;331:94–97.

17. Bugge JF. Brain death and its implications for management of the potential organ donor. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2009;53:1239–1250.

18. Dare AJ, Bartlett AS, Fraser JF. Critical care of the potential organ donor. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2012;12:456–465.

19. Wood KE, Becker BN, McCartney JG, D'Alessandro AM, Coursin DB. Care of the potential organ donor. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2730–2739.

20. McKeown DW, Bonser RS, Kellum JA. Management of the heart­beating brain-dead organ donor. Br J Anaesth. 2012;108 Suppl 1:i96–107.

21. Demetriades D, Lam L. Assessment, Monitoring, and Management of Brain-Dead Potential Organ Donors in the USA. In: Novitzky D., Cooper D. (eds.). The Brain-Dead Organ Donor. Springer: New York, 2013.

22. Novitzky D, Rhodin J, Cooper DK, et al. Ultrastructure changes associated with brain death in the human donor heart. Transpl Int. 1997;10:24–32.

23. Boland TA, Lee VH, Bleck TP. Stress-induced cardiomyopathy. Crit Care Med. 2015;43:686–693.

24. Dujardin KS, McCully RB, Wijdicks EF, et al. Myocardial dysfunction associated with brain death: clinical, echocardiographic, and pathologic features. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2001;20:350–7.

25. Shivalkar B, Van Loon J, Wieland W, et al. Variable effects of explosive or gradual increase of intracranial pressure on myocardial structure and function. Circulation. 1993;87:230–239.

26. Cittanova ML, Leblanc I, Legendre C, et al. Effect of hydroxyethylstarch in brain-dead kidney donors on renal function in kidney-transplant recipients. Lancet. 1996;348:1620–1622.

27. Patel MS, Niemann CU, Sally MB, et al. The Impact of Hydroxyethyl Starch Use in Deceased Organ Donors on the Development of Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Propensity-Adjusted Analysis. Am J Transplant. 2015;15:2152–2158.

28. Venkateswaran RV, Patchell VB, Wilson IC, et al. Early donor management increases the retrieval rate of lungs for transplantation. Ann Thorac Surg. 2008;85:278–286.

29. Miñambres E, Rodrigo E, Ballesteros MA, et al. Impact of restrictive fluid balance focused to increase lung procurement on renal function after kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010;25:2352–2356.

30. Al-Khafaji A, Elder M, Lebovitz DJ, et al. Protocolized fluid therapy in brain-dead donors: the multicenter randomized MOnIToR trial. Intensive Care Med. 2015;41:418–426.

31. Miñambres E, Pérez-Villares JM, Chico-Fernández M, et al. Lung donor treatment protocol in brain dead-donors: A multicenter study. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2015;34:773–780.

32. Beneš J. Tekutinová terapie v intenzivní péči. Anest intenziv Med. 2016;27:107–115.

33. Wood KE, Coursin DB. Intensivists and organ donor management. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2007;20:97–99.

34. De Backer D, Biston P, Devriendt J, et al. Comparison of dopamine and norepinephrine in the treatment of shock. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:779–789.

35. Callahan DS, Neville A, Bricker S, et al. The effect of arginine vasopressin on organ donor procurement and lung function. J Surg Res. 2014;186:452–457

36. Youn TS, Greer DM. Brain death and management of a potential organ donor in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Clin. 2014;30:813–831.

37. Pinsard M, Ragot S, Mertes PM, et al. Interest of low-dose hydrocortisone therapy during brain-dead organ donor resuscitation: the CORTICOME study. Crit Care. 2014;18:R158.

38. Stehlik J, Feldman DS, Brown RN, et al. Cardiac Transplant Research Database Group. Interactions among donor characteristics influence post-transplant survival: a multi-institutional analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2010;29:291–298.

39. Novitzsky D, Cooper D, Rosendale J, Kauffman H. Hormonal therapy of the brain-dead organ donor: experimental and clinical studies. Transplantation. 2006;82:1396–1401.

40. Dictus C, Vienenkoetter B, Esmaeilzadeh M, Unterberg A, Ahmadi R. Critical care management of potential organ donors: our current standard. Clin Transplant. 2009;23,Suppl 21:2–9.

41. Totsuka E, Dodson F, Urakami A, et al. Influence of high donor serum sodium levels on early postoperative graft function in human liver transplantation: effect of correction of donor hypernatremia. Liver Transpl Surg. 1999;5:421–428.

42. Rech TH, Moraes RB, Crispim D, Czepielewski MA, Leitão CB. Management of the brain-dead organ donor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transplantation. 2013;95:966–974.

43. Holmes CL, Patel BM, Russell JA, Walley KR. Physiology of vasopressin relevant to management of septic shock. Chest. 2001;120:989–1002.

44. Tien RD. Sequence of enhancement of various portions of the pituitary gland on gadolinium-enhanced MR images: correlation with regional blood supply. AJR: Am J Roentgenol. 1992;158:651–654.

45. Nair-Collins M, Northrup J, Olcese J. Hypothalamic-Pituitary Function in Brain Death: A Review. J Intensive Care Med. 2016;31:41–50.

46. Novitzky D, Cooper DKC, Morrell D, Isaacs S. Change from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism after brain death, and reversal following triiodothyronine (T3) therapy. Transplantation. 1988;45:32–36.

47. Novitzky D, Cooper DK, Reichart B. Hemodynamic and metabolic responses to hormonal therapy in brain-dead potential organ donors. Transplantation. 1987;43:852–854.

48. Macdonald PS, Aneman A, Bhonagiri D, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of thyroid hormone administration to brain dead potential organ donors. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:1635–1644.

49. Kuecuek O, Mantouvalou L, Klemz R, et al. Significant reduction of proinflammatory cytokines by treatment of the brain-dead donor. Transplant Proc. 2005;37:387–388.

50. Kotsch K, Ulrich F, Reutzel-Selke A et al. Methylprednisolone therapy in deceased donors reduces inflammation in the donor liver and improves outcome after liver transplantation: a prospective randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2008;248:1042–1050.

51. Kainz A, Wilflingseder J, Mitterbauer C, et al. Steroid pre­treat­ment of organ donors to prevent postischemic renal allograft failure: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153:222–230.

52. Dupuis S, Amiel JA, Desgroseilliers M, et al. Corticosteroids in the management of brain-dead potential organ donors: a systematic review. Br J Anaesth. 2014;113:346–359.

53. United Network for Organ Sharing. Critical pathway for the organ donor. Dostupné z www.unos.orgorg/wp-content/uploads/unos/Critical_Pathway.pdf. 15. 6. 2017.

54. Niemann CU, Feiner J, Swain S, el al. Therapeutic Hypothermia in Deceased Organ Donors and Kidney-Graft Function. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:405–414.

55. Bhorade, SM, Vigneswaran, W, McCabe, MA, Garrity, ER. Liberalization of donor criteria may expand the donor pool without adverse consequence in lung transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19:1199.

56. Pêgo-Fernandes PM, Samano MN, Fiorelli AI, et al. Recommendations for the use of extended criteria donors in lung transplantation Transplant Proc. 2011;43:216–219.

57. Reilly PM, Grossman MD, Rosengard BR, et al. Lung procurement from solid organ donors: role of fluid resuscitation in procurement failures. Chest. 1996;110:222S.

58. Mascia L, Pasero D, Slutsky AS, et al. Effect of a lung protective strategy for organ donors on eligibility and availability of lungs for transplantation: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010;304:2620–2627.

59. Migliaccio ML, Zagli G, Cianchi G, et al. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in brain-death organ and tissues donors: a single-centre experience. Br J Anaesth. 2013;111:673–674.

60. Shah V, Lazaridis C. Apnea testing on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: Case report and literature review. J Crit Care. 2015;30:784–786.