Cell-free DNAs in plasma and cardiovascular medicine – their potential

Česká verzia

Authors: Jaroslav A. Hubáček ^1,2
Published in the journal: AtheroRev 2024; 9(2): 92-95
Category: Reviews

Summary

The presence of short fragments of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), of nuclear or mitochondrial origin, in body fluids is physiological. Their concentration increases manifold as a result of injury, inflammation or intensive physical exercise. Increased concentrations quickly return to their baseline levels due to intense degradation by restriction endonucleases and extensive catabolism in the liver, spleen and partly excretion by the kidneys. Higher cfDNA concentrations have been described in association with the presence of majority atherosclerosis risk factors. There is a strong correlation between cfDNA and creatine kinase and troponin concentrations. CfDNA can be used as a marker of stroke or to differentiate between STEMI and non-STEMI myocardial infarction. Mitochondrial cfDNA then stimulates inflammatory processes. Although many of the findings need validation on larger datasets, cfDNAs may become new promising markers of disease and health prognosis in the future also in cardiology.

Keywords:

mitochondria – cardiovascular disease – plasma – concentration – cell-free DNA – nucleus

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