The Relevance of MicroRNAs in Glioblastoma Stem Cells
Authors:
R. Kleinová 1; O. Slabý 1,2; J. Šána 1,2
Authors place of work:
CEITEC – Středoevropský technologický institut, MU, Brno
1; Klinika komplexní onkologické péče, Masarykův onkologický ústav, Brno
2
Published in the journal:
Klin Onkol 2015; 28(5): 338-344
Category:
Reviews
doi:
https://doi.org/10.14735/amko2015338
Summary
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common intracranial malignity of astrocyte origin in adults. Despite complex therapy consisting of maximal surgical resection, adjuvant concomitant chemoradiotherapy with temozolomide followed by temozolomide in monotherapy, the median of survival ranges between 12 and 15 months from diagnosis. This infaust prognosis is very often caused by both impossibility of achieving of sufficient radical surgical resection and tumor resistance to adjuvant therapy, which relates to the presence of glioblastoma stem cells. Similarly to normal stem cells, glioblastoma stem cells are capable of self‑ renewal, differentiation, and unlimited slow proliferation. Their resistance to conventional therapy is also due to higher expressions of DNA repair enzymes, antiapoptotic factors and multidrug transporters. Therefore, targeting these unique properties could be a novel promising therapeutic approach leading to more effective therapy and better prognosis of glioblastoma multiforme patients. One of the approaches how to successfully regulate above‑ mentioned properties is targeted regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs). These small non‑coding RNA molecules post‑transcriptionally regulate expression of more than 2/ 3 of all human genes that are also involved in stem cell associated signaling pathways. Moreover, deregulated expression of some miRNAs has been observed in many cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme.
Key words:
cancer stem cells – glioblastoma multiforme – microRNA
This study was supported by grant of Internal Grant Agency of the Czech Ministry of HealthNo. NT13514-4/2012 and project „CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology“ (CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068).
The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.
The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.
Submitted:
12. 5. 2015
Accepted:
10. 9. 2015
Zdroje
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