New potential biomarkers for preeclampsia prediction

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Authors: S. Laššáková; M. Korabečná
Authors place of work: Ústav biologie a lékařské genetiky 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. O. Šeda, Ph. D.
Published in the journal: Ceska Gynekol 2018; 83(6): 458-463
Category:

Summary

Objective:

The review of recent literature performed with the goal to find novel biomarkers which would be able in combination with actual approaches to contribute to early pre-eclampsia (PE) detection. Attention has been paid namely to biomarkers which are detectable by methodologies of molecular genetics – microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and alterations in methylation status of gene promoters with activities playing key roles in PE development.

Design:

Review.

Setting:

Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague.

Methods:

Review of articles in PubMed database published till March 2018.

Results:

In patients who developed PE, elevated levels of miR-210, miR-155, miR-16 and miR-181a were repeatedly detected. Lower values than in control subjects were found in miR-223. Exosomes represent one of the main sources of microRNA in blood – they may originate from placenta and also from blood cells themselves.

Among lncRNAs at the level of placenta tissue, the following molecules for further study were selected: LOC391533, LOC284100, CEACAMP8, RPAIN, SPRY4-IT 1 and lncRNA Uc.187 with elevated expression and MEG3, STOX2-IT3, lncRNA-ATB and MALAT-1 with decreased expression.

Alterations in promoter methylation were found also in placental tissue for examples in genes HLA-G, MTHFR, HERVWE 1, GNA12 or SERPINA3.

Conclusion:

For all above mentioned potential biomarkers, it was possible to find the functional links to the complex process of pathogenesis of PE. With regard to the practical use, miR-210 transported in exosomes and having elevated levels in PE patients seems to be most suitable for potential widening of the recent palette of biomarkers.

Keywords

pre-eclampsia, biomarkers, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, promoter methylation

Zdroje

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