Reactive arthritis
Authors:
M. Žurek; P. Horák
Authors place of work:
III. interní klinika nefrologická, revmatologická, endokrinologická, FN a LF UP, Olomouc
Published in the journal:
Čes. Revmatol., 25, 2017, No. 2, p. 91-98.
Category:
Review Article
Summary
Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an arthritis of the spondyloarthritis group, which develops following an infection of the gastrointestinal or urogenital tract caused by specific bacterial pathogens. Diagnosis of ReA is based on the clinical picture of oligoarthritis of large joints, especially the lower limbs, the exclusion of other possible differential diagnosis options and evidence of infection. In the treatment of ReA, nonsteroidal anti-rheumatic drugs are used in first line, whereas in refractory cases glucocorticoids and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are administered. The results of studies and meta-analyses of ATB treatment in ReA appear to be rather ambiguous in the case of chlamydia-induced ReA and negative for ReA associated with enterobacterial infection. The prognosis of ReA is favorable in a large proportion of patients. In some patients the disease course may be prolonged and signs characteristic of other diseases of the spondyloarthritis group may develop.
Key words:
Spondyloarthritis, reactive arthritis, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis
Zdroje
1. Dougados M, van der Linden S, Juhlin R, Huitfeldt B, Amor B, Calin A et al. The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy. Arthritis Rheum 1991; 34: 1218–27.
2. Rudwaleit M, van der Heijde D, Landewé R, Listing J, Akkoc N, Brandt J et al. The development of Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial spondyloarthritis (part II): validation and final selection. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 777–83.
3. Hannu T. Reactive arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2011; 25: 347–57.
4. Carter JD. Treating reactive arthritis: insights for the clinician. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2010; 2: 45–54.
5. Carter JD, Inman RD, Whittum-Hudson J, Hudson AP. Chlamydia and chronic arthritis. Ann Med 2012; 44: 784–92.
6. Hill Gaston JS, Lillicrap MS. Arthritis associated with enteric infection. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2003; 17: 219–39.
7. Gravano DM, Hoyer KK. Promotion and prevention of autoimmune disease by CD8+ T cells. J Autoimmun 2013; 45: 68–79.
8. Carter JD, Gerard HC, Espinoza LR, Ricca LR, Valeriano J, Snelgrove J, et al. Chlamydiae as etiologic agents in chronic undifferentiated spondylarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 60: 1311–6.
9. Hamdulay SS, Glynne SJ, Keat A. When is arthritis reactive? Postgrad Med J 2006; 82: 446–53.
10. Nikkari S, Rantakokko K, Ekman P, Möttönen T, Leirisalo-Repo M, Virtala M et al. Salmonella-triggered reactive arthritis: use of polymerase chain reaction, immunocytochemical staining, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the detection of bacterial components from synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 84–9.
11. Gérard HC, Branigan PJ, Schumacher HR Jr, Hudson AP. Synovial Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with reactive arthritis/Reiter's syndrome are viable but show aberrant gene expression. J Rheumatol 1998; 25: 734–42.
12. Gérard HC, Schumacher HR, El-Gabalawy H, Goldbach-Mansky R, Hudson AP. Chlamydia pneumoniae present in the human synovium are viable and metabolically active. Microb Pathog 2000; 29: 17–24.
13. Gaston JS, Cox C, Granfors K. Clinical and experimental evidence for persistent Yersinia infection in reactive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 2239–42.
14. Kuipers JG, Zeidler H, Kohler L. How does Chlamydia cause arthritis? Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2003; 29: 613–29.
15. Dulphy N, Peyrat MA, Tieng V, Douay C, Rabian C, Tamouza R, Laoussadi S et al. Common intra-articular T cell expansions in patients with reactive arthritis: identical beta-chain junctional sequences and cytotoxicity toward HLA-B27. J Immunol 1999; 162: 3830–9.
16. Baillet AC, Rehaume LM, Benham H, O'Meara CP, Armitage CW, Ruscher R et al. High Chlamydia Burden Promotes Tumor Necrosis Factor-Dependent Reactive Arthritis in SKG Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67: 1535–47.
17. Braun J1, Kingsley G, van der Heijde D, Sieper J. On the difficulties of establishing a consensus on the definition of and diagnostic investigations for reactive arthritis. Results and discussion of a questionnaire prepared for the 4th International Workshop on Reactive Arthritis, Berlin, Germany, July 3-6, 1999. J Rheumatol 2000; 27: 2185–92.
18. Wanders A, Heijde D, Landewé R, Béhier JM, Calin A, Olivieri I et al. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized clinical trial. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52: 1756–65.
19. Yang M, He M, Zhao M, Zou B, Liu J, Luo LM et al. Proton pump inhibitors for preventing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced gastrointestinal toxicity: a systematic review. Curr Med Res Opin 2017; 25: 1–8.
20. Trelle S, Reichenbach S, Wandel S et al. Cardiovascular safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2011; 342: c7086.
21. Schiff M, Minic M. Comparison of the Analgesic Efficacy and Safety of Nonprescription Doses of Naproxen Sodium and Ibuprofen in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee. The Journal of Rheumatology 2004; 31: 1373–83.
22. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Weisman MH, Cush JJ, Vasey FB, Schumacher HR Jr et al. Comparison of sulfasalazine and placebo in the treatment of reactive arthritis (Reiter's syndrome). A Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Arthritis Rheum 1996; 39: 2021–7.
23. Egsmose C, Hansen TM, Andersen LS, Beier JM, Christensen L, Ejstrup L et al. Limited effect of sulphasalazine treatment in reactive arthritis. A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis 1997; 56: 32–6.
24. Rihl M, Gu J., Baeten D, Marker-Hermann E, Goodall J. C, Gaston J. S, et al. Alpha beta but not gamma delta T cell clones in synovial fluids of patients with reactive arthritis show active transcription of tumour necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 1673–6.
25. Carter JD. Treating reactive arthritis: insights for the clinician. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2010; 2: 45–54.
26. Flagg SD, Meador R, Hsia E, Kitumnuaypong T, Schumacher Jr, HR. Decreasedpain and synovial inflammation after etanercept therapy in patients with reactive and undifferentiated arthritis: an open-label trial. Arthritis Rheum2005; 53: 613–617.
27. Haibel H, Brandt J, Rudawaleit M. Therapy of chronic enteral reactive arthritis with infliximab [abstract]. Ann Rheum Dis 2003; 62.
28. Oili KS, Niinisalo H, Korpilahde T and Virolainen J. Treatment of reactive arthritis with infliximab. Scand J Rheumatol 2003; 32: 122–4.
29. Schrafranski, MD. Infliximab for reactive arthritis secondary to Chlamydia trachomatisinfection. Rheumatol Int 2009; 30: 679–80.
30. Meyer A, Chatelus E, Wendling D, Berthelot JM, Dernis E, Houvenagel E et al. Safety and efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy in ten patients with recent-onset refractory reactive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63: 1274–80.
31. Tanaka T, Kuwahara Y, Shima Y, Hirano T, Kawai M, Ogawa M, Arimitsu J, Hagihara K, Narazaki M, Ogata A, Kawase I, Kishimoto T. Successful treatment of reactive arthritis with a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, tocilizumab. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 61: 1762–4.
32. Barber CE, Kim J, Inman RD, Esdaile JM, James MT. Antibiotics for treatment of reactive arthritis: a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:916 – 28.
33. Carter JD, Espinoza LR, Inman RD, Sneed KB, Ricca LR, Vasey FB, Valeriano J, Stanich JA, Oszust C, Gerard HC, Hudson AP. Combination antibiotics as a treatment for chronic Chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective trial. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62: 1298–307.
34. Kuuliala A, Julkunen H, Paimela L, Peltomaa R, Kautiainen H, Repo H, Leirisalo-Repo M. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of three-month treatment with the combination of ofloxacin and roxithromycin in recent-onset reactive arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2013; 33: 2723–9.
35. Kvien TK, Gaston JS, Bardin T, Butrimiene I, Dijkmans BA, Leirisalo-Repo M, Solakov P, Altwegg M, Mowinckel P, Plan PA, Vischer T, EULAR Three month treatment of reactive arthritis with azithromycin: a EULAR double blind, placebo controlled study. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63: 1113–9.
36. Hannu T. Reactive arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2011; 25: 347–57.
37. Leirisalo-Repo M, Sieper J. Reactive arthritis: epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment. In: Ankylosing spondylitis and the spondyloarthropathies, Weisman MH, van der Heijde D, Reveille JD (Eds), Mosby Elsevier, Philadelphia 2006; 53.
38. Hannu T, Inman R, Granfors K, Leirisalo-Repo M. Reactive arthritis or post-infectious arthritis? Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2006; 20: 419–33.
39. Leirisalo-Repo M, Suoranta H. Ten-year follow-up study of patients with Yersinia arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1988; 31: 533–7.
40. Fox R, Calin A, Gerber RC, Gibson D. The chronicity of symptoms and disability in Reiter's syndrome. An analysis of 131 consecutive patients. Ann Intern Med 1979; 91: 190–3.
41. Hart HH, McGuigan LE, Gow PJ, Grigor RR Reiter's syndrome: chronicity of symptoms and employment. Aust N Z J Med 1986; 16: 452–6.
Štítky
Dermatology & STDs Paediatric rheumatology RheumatologyČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Czech Rheumatology
2017 Číslo 2
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Reactive arthritis
- Recommendations of the Czech Society for Rheumatology for the treatment of systemic sclerosis.
- Spondyloarthritis: genetic burden and heritability