Newborns of COVID-19 positive mothers during the first wave of pandemic in the Czech Republic (1.3.–31.8.2020)

Česká verzia

Authors: G. Mlčochová ¹; P. Hubáček ²; J. Janota ¹
Authors place of work: Novorozenecké oddělení s JIRP, Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika 2. LF UK a FN Motol, Praha ¹; Ústav lékařské mikrobiologie 2. LF UK a FN Motol, Praha ²
Published in the journal: Čes-slov Pediat 2020; 75 (8): 451-457.
Category: Actual Topic

Summary

Object of the study: Object of the study was to obtain information about clinical state of COVID-19 positive mothers and their newborns during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic (1.3.–31.8.2020).

Design of the study: Retrospective epidemiological study.

Groups: Group of patients consisted of 18 SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women and the same amount of newborns.

Data collection: Data was collected from previously designated gynaecology and obstetrics and neonatology departments in the Czech Republic (n=90) through set of questions sent via e-mail and when necessary completed through phone call.

Outcomes: Out of 18 women with SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal swab, 15 were asymptomatic,  2 women had mild symptoms and only 1 had severe clinical symptoms. All newborns were born between the 36th and 41st gestational week, 12 of them (67.7%) were born by spontaneous vaginal birth, 6 newborns (32.3%) were born via cesarean section. Average birth weight was 3275 g, no newborn was diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction. Postnatal adaptation was uncomplicated except for one case of mild RDS (respiratory distress syndrome). 13 newborns underwent nasopharyngeal swab. Only 1 was positive in an asymptomatic newborn on the 14th day of life. RDS developed only in 1 newborn, there it was not able to rule out amniotic fluid aspiration, other newborns (94.4%) were clinically with no symptoms.

Conclusion: Collected data from the Czech Republic during the first wave of pandemic confirms conclusions of up-to-date studies. SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women has in majority of cases no adverse effect on their newborns. Majority of mothers overcame mild or moderate symptoms and prognosis of their newborns is good as reported in literature and also in unity with conclusion of our study. At the same time no vertical transmission of infection was reported.

Keywords:

COVID-19 – SARS-CoV-2 – pregnant woman – newborn – vertical transmission

Zdroje

1. Tripella G, Ciarciá M, Ferrari M, et al. COVID-19 in pregnant women and neonates: A systematic review of the literature with quality assessment of the atudies. Pathogens 2020; 9 (6). Dostupné z: doi: 10.3390/pathogens9060485.

2. Schwartz DA, Graham AL. Potential maternal and infant outcomes from coronavirus 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2) infecting pregnant women: lessons from SARS, MERS, and other human coronavirus infections. Viruses 2020, 12 (2). Dostupné z: doi: 10.3390/v12020194.

3. Hurych J, Štícha R, et al. Lékařská mikrobiologie – repetitorium. Praha: Stanislav Juhaňák – Triton, 2020: 621.

4. Lebl J. COVID-19 u dětí a dospívajících: Symptomatologie a klinický průběh. Výbor České pediatrické společnosti, 2020. Dostupné z: lf2.cuni.cz/fakulta/clanky/prohlaseni-nazory-eseje/prof-jan-lebl-covid-19-u-deti-a-dospivajicich-symptomatologie.

5. Karimi-Zachari M, Neamatzadeh H, Dasgheib A, et al. Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) from infected pregnant mothers to neonates: A review. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2020; 39 (3): 246–250. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1080/15513815.2020.1747120.

6. Vivanti AJ, Vauloup-Felous C, Prevot S, et al. Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11 (1). Dostupné z: doi:10.1038/s41467-020-17436-6.

7. Yang P, Wang X, Liu P, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk assessment of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19. J Clin Virol 2020; 127. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104356.

8. Aslan MM, Uslu Yuvaci H, Kose O, et al. SARS-CoV-2 is not present in the vaginal fluid of pregnant women with COVID-19. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 1–3. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1793318.

9. Liu D, Li L, Wu X, et al. Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pneumonia: A preliminary analysis. Am J Roentgenol 2020; 215 (1): 127–132. Dostupné z: doi: 10.2214/AJR.20.23072.

10. Zhu H, Wang L, Fang CH, et al. Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCOV pneumonia. Transl Pediatr 2020; 9 (1): 51–60. Dostupné z: doi: 10.21037/tp.2020.02.06.

11. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020; 395 (10226): 809–815. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3.

12. Zaigham M, Andersson O. Maternal and perinatal outcomes with COVID-19: A systematic review of 108 pregnancies. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2020; 99 (7): 823–829. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1111/aogs.13867.

13. Liu W, Wang J, Li W, et al. Clinical characteristics of 19 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19. Front Med 2020; 14 (2): 193–198. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0772-y.

14. Bastug A, Hanifehnezhad A, Tayman C, et al. Virolactia in an asymptomatic mother with COVID-19. Breastfeeding Med 2020; 15 (8): 488–491. Dostupné z: doi:10.1089/bfm.2020.0161.

15. Kimberlin DW, Stagno S. Can SARS-CoV-2 infection be acquired in utero? More definitive evidence is needed. JAMA 2020; 323 (18): 1788–1789. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.4868.

16. Giuliani CH, Li Volsi P, Brun E, et al. Breastfeeding during the COVID-19 pandemic: Suggestions on behalf of woman study group of AMD. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020; 165. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1016/j.diabetes.2020.108239.

17. Mullins E, Evans D, Viner RM, et al. Coronavirus in pregnancy and delivery: rapid review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 55 (5): 586–592. Dostupné z: doi: 10.1002/uog.22014.

18. Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Summary of key updates. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 2020. Dostupné z: acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/practice-advisory/articles/2020/03/novel-coronavirus-2019.

19. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Pregnancy. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologist 2020; London, UK. Dostupné z: rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-24-coronavirus-covid-19-infection-in-pregnancy.pdf.

20. Davanzo R, Moro G, Sandri F, et al. Breastfeeding and coronavirus disease-2019. Matern Child Nutr 2020; 16 (3). Dostupné z: doi: 10.1111/mcn.13010.