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Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from pathologist’s point of view

Česká verzia

Authors: Eva Sticová 1;  Jitka Kyclová 2;  Miroslav Důra 3;  Jiří Štork 3;  Břetislav Lipový 4
Authors place of work: Ústav patologie 3. lékařské fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady, Praha 1;  Ústav patologie, Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy univerzity a Fakultní nemocnice Brno 2;  Dermatovenerologická klinika 1. lékařské fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecné fakultní nemocnice, Praha 3;  Klinika popálenin a plastické chirurgie, Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy univerzity a Fakultní nemocnice Brno 4
Published in the journal: Čes.-slov. Patol., 59, 2023, No. 3, p. 124-128
Category: Reviews Article

Summary

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis (Lyell syndrome) are rare diseases characterized by rapid blistering followed by extensive skin and mucosal exfoliation and constitutional symptoms. In most cases, drugs are the main triggers, but the etiopathogenesis of the diseases is not fully understood. Lyell syndrome is associated with a high mortality rate, reported to be around 35%. Therefore, early diagnosis requiring close interdisciplinary cooperation is essential. The diagnosis based on the clinical picture and a detailed pharmacological history should be confirmed by histopathological examination of the skin specimen, including analysis by direct immunofluorescence.

Keywords:

direct immunofluorescence – toxic epidermal necrolysis – Lyell syndrome – Stevens-Johnson syndrome – histopathological examination

Zdroje
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Czecho-Slovak Pathology

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