Analysis of patients with acute hepatitis E treated at the Clinic of Infectology and Travel Medicine in Košice

Česká verzia

Authors: J. Sekula; Z. Paraličová
Authors place of work: Klinika infektológie a cestovnej medicíny, LF UPJŠ a Univerzitná nemocnica L. Pasteura Košice, Slovenská republika
Published in the journal: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 73, 2024, č. 2, s. 106-111
Category: Original Papers
doi: https://doi.org/10.61568/emi/11-6306/20240424/137083

Summary

Aim: To analyse clinical, laboratory, and epidemiological data of a cohort of patients with acute hepatitis E treated at the Clinic of Infectology and Travel Medicine (CITM) in Košice.

Material and methods: Retrospective analysis of hospital information system data on patients diagnosed with acute hepatitis E who were examined or hospitalized at CITM in 2015-2023. Statistical evaluation of the available data with a focus on epidemiology, course, and complications.

Results: The cohort consisted of 62 patients. Fifty-eight percent were male. The mean age was 56 years. Seventy-four percent of patients were hospitalized, with a mean length of hospital stay of 10 days. The most common clinical manifestation was jaundice (in 40% of patients). Six patients had stool HEV RNA testing and all were confirmed to have genotype 3. In 5% of patients, the infection was classified as imported (they did not have HEV RNA tested), and 95% of cases were autochthonous. A history of contact with an HEV infected person was reported by 26% of patients. A history of preexisting liver disease was noted in 13% of patients who were confirmed with higher bilirubin, GMT, and ammonia levels. No statistically significant differences were found for patients with a history of immune deficiency. One patient with preexisting liver disease developed fulminant infection resulting in death. Four hepatitis E patients with neurological symptoms had lower bilirubin levels.

Conclusions: The study cohort included predominantly older men. Genotype 3 was confirmed in all patients who underwent HEV RNA testing. Higher bilirubin, ammonia, and GMT levels were confirmed in patients with preexisting liver disease. Patients with neurological complications had lower bilirubin levels. One patient with preexisting liver disease died.

Keywords:

hepatitis E – acute hepatitis E – autochthonous hepatitis E

Zdroje

World Health Organization. Fact-sheet: Hepatitis E. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2019. Dostupné na www: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ hepatitis-e.
Dalton HR, Izopet J. Transmission and Epidemiology of Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3 and 4 Infections. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med., 2018;8(11):a032144.
The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. Hepatitis E: a neglected virus. Editorial. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2016;1(4):261. doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30152-2.
Dalton HR, Bendall RP, Rashid M, et al. Host risk factors and autochthonous hepatitis E infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2011;23:1200–1205.
Lucarelli C, Spada E, Taliani G, et al. High prevalence of anti-hepatitis E virus antibodies among blood donors in central Italy, February to March 2014. Euro Surveill., 2016;21(30). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.30.30299.
Straková P, Kříž B, Rudolf I, Hubálek Z. Seroprevalence study of hepatitis E virus infection in two districts of the Czech Republic. Epidemiol Mikrobiol Imunol., 2014;63(2):92–94.
Paraličová Z, Halánová M, Schréter I, et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis E among hospitalized patients in Slovakia: first report. Cent Eur J Public Health, 2020;28(1):70–73.
Shin EC, Jeong SH. Natural History, Clinical Manifestations, and Pathogenesis of Hepatitis A. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med., 2018;8(9):a031708.
Kumar A, Saraswat VA. Hepatitis E and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure. J Clin Exp Hepatol., 2013;3(3):225–230.
Dalton H, Hazeldine S, Banks M, et al. Locally acquired hepatitis E in chronic liver disease. The Lancet, 2007;369(9569):1260.
Skladaný Ľ, Adamcová Selčanová S, Janičko M, et al. Acute decompensation (AD) of advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection as the trigger. Klin Mikrobiol Infekc Lek., 2018;24(3):82–87.
Zhang X, Ke W, Xie J, et al. Comparison of effects of hepatitis E or A viral superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatol Int., 2010;4:615–620.
Sayed IM. Dual Infection of Hepatitis A Virus and Hepatitis E VirusWhat Is Known? Viruses, 2023;15(2):298. doi: 10.3390/ v15020298. PMID: 36851512; PMCID: PMC9965669.
Malik H, Malik H, Uderani M, et al. Fulminant Hepatitis A and E Co-infection Leading to Acute Liver Failure: A Case Report. Cureus, 2023;15(4):e38101. doi: 10.7759/cureus.38101. PMID: 37252544; PMCID: PMC10210521.
Webb GW, Dalton HR. Hepatitis E: an underestimated emerging threat. Ther Adv Infect Dis., 2019;6:2049936119837162.
Murali AR, Kotwal V, Chawla S. Chronic hepatitis E: A brief review. World J Hepatol., 2015;7(19):2194–2201.

Do redakce došlo dne 19. 1. 2024.

Adresa pro korespondenci:
doc. MUDr. Zuzana Paraličová, PhD.
Klinika infektológie a cestovnej medicíny,
LF UPJŠ a Univerzitná nemocnica L. Pasteura
Rastislavova 785/43 041 90 Košice
Slovenská republika
e-mail: zuzana.paralicova@upjs.sk

Štítky

Hygiene and epidemiology Medical virology Clinical microbiology

Článek Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among infants in the first year of life (Czech Republic, 2017–2022)

Článek Prevalence of the M1UK sublineage among emm1 Streptococcus pyogenes invasive strains isolated in the Czech Republic from December 2022 to May 2023

Článek Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 8 and 22F causing invasive pneumococcal disease in the Czech Republic in 2014–2020: whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis

Článek Povidone-iodine functionalized nanofibers are prophylactic and protect against dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Článok vyšiel v časopise

Epidemiology, Microbiology, Immunology

2024 Číslo 2

Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle