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The utility of sternum in creating a biological profile: A review and future directions

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Využitie hrudnej kosti pri vytváraní biologického profile: prehľadový článok

Tento prehľadový článok sa zameriava na forenzný význam hrudnej kosti pri tvorbe biologického profilu, so zameraním na odhad pohlavia, telesnej výšky a veku. Jedným z významných zistení je výrazný prínos hrudnej kosti v situáciách, keď sa na mieste činu nájde nekompletná kostra. Poskytuje alternatívne nástroje pre pozitívnu identifikáciu jedinca. Významným rozmerom pri odhade telesnej výšky a pohlavie je práve kombinovaná dĺžka manubria a hrudného tela. Zdôrazňuje však potrebu opatrnosti pri uplatňovaní zistení v rôznych populáciách a spochybňuje spoľahlivosť Hyrtlovho zákona. Odhad veku je primárne založený na morfologických zmenách a osifikácii kostí avšak jedna štúdia, predkladá potenciálnu metódu na odhad veku ale vyžaduje ďalšie overenie. Aj keď sú výhody použitia hrudnej kosti zjavné, prehľad zdôrazňuje potenciálne obmedzenia a absenciu špecifických štúdií o odhade etnickej príslušnosti, čo ponecháva tento aspekt otvorený pre budúci výskum. Na záver, prehľad poskytuje komplexný prehľad forenzných aplikácií hrudnej kosti, čo nabáda k pokračujúcemu výskumu na zvýšenie presnosti a použiteľnosti v praxi.

Klíčová slova:

hrudná kosť – odhad pohlavia – odhad telesnej výšky – odhadu veku – biologický profil

Authors: Katarína Hanzelyová;  Filip Babiak;  Ján Bajaj;  Martin Janík;  Ubomír Straka
Authors place of work: Ústav súdneho lekárstva a medicínskych expertíz, Jesseniova Lekárska Fakulta Univerzity Komenského, Martin
Published in the journal: Soud Lék., 69, 2024, No. 1, p. 6-9
Category: Review

Summary

This review delves into the forensic utility of the sternum in creating a biological profile, focusing on sex, stature, and age estimation. Emphasizing the sternum’s significance in challenging scenarios, the study supports the combined length of the manubrium and sternal body as a crucial indicator in sex and stature estimation. However, it highlights the need for caution in applying findings across diverse populations and questions the reliability of Hyrtl’s law. Age estimation, primarily based on morphological changes and ossification ages, is explored, with one study showing promise but requiring further validation. While acknowledging the sternum’s advantages, the review underscores potential limitations and the absence of specific studies on ancestry estimation, leaving this aspect open for future research. In conclusion, the review provides a comprehensive overview of the sternum’s forensic applications, urging continued research to enhance accuracy and applicability.

Keywords:

Sternum – sex estimation – stature estimation – age estimation – biological profile

Zdroje
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Štítky
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Forensic Medicine

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