Acute complications of diabetes mellitus from out-patient department perspective
Authors:
Zbynek Schroner
Authors place of work:
SchronerMED, s. r. o., interná a diabetologická ambulancia, Košice
Published in the journal:
Forum Diab 2015; 4(2): 119-123
Category:
Main Theme: Review
Summary
Due to frequent occurrence of acute complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) also in out-patient departments, its proper management is very important. Prevention of these states is very important. Acute complications of diabetes mellitus can be divided into: metabolic decompensations and complications of antidiabetic treatment. To metabolic decompensations belong acute hyperglycemic states (diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state). Diabetic ketoacidosis is acute metabolic emergency mainly of typ 1 diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by: hyperglycemia, acidosis and ketosis . Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state is acute complication mainly of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The ketoacidosis is not present , what is explained by higher intraportal insulin level, preventing mobilisation of free fatty acids. Lactic acidosis is the most serious complication of metformin therapy mainly in patients having risk factors. For this reason it is necessary to observe contraindications of metformin therapy. Hypoglycemias are the most frequent acute complications mainly in diabetics treated by insulin or sulphonylurea derivatives.
Key words:
diabetic ketoacidosis – hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state – hypoglycemia – lactic idosis
Zdroje
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Štítky
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicineČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Forum Diabetologicum
2015 Číslo 2
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Acute complications of diabetes mellitus from out-patient department perspective
- Dermatologic manifestations of diabetes
- The most common gynecologic problems in diabetic women
- Chronical diabetic complications from point of view of modern diabetology