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preLekára.sk / Journals / Geriatrics and Gerontology / 2022 - 3

Profile of non-vaccinated seniors with COVID-19 hospitalized during the third pandemic wave

Česká verzia

Authors: Martin Dúbrava;  Jakub Bořucký;  Anna Koromházová;  Jana Májeková;  Samuel Matta;  Lucia Pastiranová;  Ivan Schmiedt;  Katarína Štugelová;  Ján Šuba ml.;  Martina Valentová;  Jarmila Jánošiová
Authors place of work: I. klinika geriatrie LF UK a UN Bratislava
Published in the journal: Geriatrie a Gerontologie 2022, 11, č. 3: 109-117
Category: Original Article

Summary

Despite tangible advances in the treatment of COVID-19, it is still a high-risk disease quoad vitam, especially for the elderly. Vaccination remains the strongest guarantee to minimize the risks of the pandemic. In Slovakia, we have not yet achieved vaccination level against COVID-19, which would ensure a substantial reduction in the COVID-19 threat from the public health standpoint. In a retrospective observational study, we analysed the vaccination coverage of hospitalized seniors (87 patients, average age 80.3 years) when vaccination was already readily available. Nevertheless, 72.6% of hospitalized were not vaccinated. We did not find any relationship between the absence of vaccination and age, there was a quantitatively significant tendency for non-vaccination among women (80.9 vs. 62.5% in men; ns), people living in social care facilities were significantly more frequently vaccinated than those living at home (50.0 vs. 23.3%; p = 0.04), vaccinated patients were significantly more likely to have a university degree than the others (58.3 vs. 22.7%; p = 0.01). The reasons for non-vaccination were not identified in 73%, only 3.2% of patients were categorically against the vaccination and 9.5% of patients did not believe in the vaccine or were afraid of it. One hospitalized unvaccinated patient corresponded approximately to 374 unvaccinated people aged 65 and older in their region, one hospitalized vaccinated patient corresponded only to 3,953 vaccinated people in their region. Unvaccinated patients suffered from significant polymorbidity: in addition to COVID-19, they had on average of 14.2 diseases (of which 12.5 were chronic) out of 59 analysed diseases. In-hospital mortality was very high (48.3%). Although unvaccinated and vaccinated did not differ significantly in baseline characteristics (age, overall comorbidity, blood oxygen saturation before admission, length of hospital stay), the difference in mortality was evident in favour of the vaccinated (33.3 vs. 54.0% in the unvaccinated; ns). We are sure that our findings confirm the crucial importance of vaccination against the COVID-19.

Keywords:

vaccination – geriatrics – COVID-19 – polymorbidity

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