Transient elastography – role in the assessment of the liver disease development

Česká verzia

Authors: Nikola Uzlová ¹; Nikola Mejzlíková ¹; Soňa Fraňková ²; Pavla Libicherová ¹; David Nosek ¹; Ivan Rychlík ¹
Authors place of work: I. interní klinika 3. LF UK a FN Královské Vinohrady, Praha ¹; Klinika hepatogastroenterologie IKEM, Praha ²
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2018; 64(10): 916-922
Category:

Summary

Transient elastography, an examination based on the liver stiffness measurement, is a method validated for the non-invasive liver fibrosis staging. This method was recently successfully introduced into routine clinical practice. In accordance with the global- wide screening of viral hepatitis (chronic viral hepatitis type B and type C) and with the increasing effectiveness of antiviral therapy, as well as with the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the part of population requiring the care of hepatologists is certain to increase. Now more than ever we need a non-invasive, fast, safe, inexpensive and reliable method for evaluating patients with chronic liver disease. A new area of use of elastography appears to be used to measure the stiffness of the spleen as a prediction of the presence of esophageal varices or the stiffness (or rather fibrosis) of transplanted kidneys. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive view of transient elastography, its principles, advantages and pitfalls, including its use in everyday clinical practice.

Key words:

cirrhosis – fibrosis – renal allograft – transient elastography

Zdroje

Sandrin L, Oudry J, Bastard C et al. Non-Invasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis by Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography (Fibroscan®). Dostupné z WWW: <https://www.intechopen.com/books/liver-biopsy/non-invasive-assessment-of-liver-fibrosis-by-vibration-controlled-transient-elastography-fibroscan>.
Sandrin L, Fourquet B, Hasquenoph JM et al. Transient elastography: a new noninvasive method for assessment of hepatic fibrosis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2003; 29(12): 1705–1713.
Boursier J, Zarski JP, de Ledinghen V et al. Determination of reliability criteria for liver stiffness evaluation by transient elastography. Multicentric Group from ANRS/HC/EP23 FIBROSTAR Studies. Hepatology 2013; 57(3): 1182–1191. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.25993>.
Tapper EB, Castera L, Afdhal NH. FibroScan (Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography): Where Does It Stand in the United States Practice. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 13(1): 27–36. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2014.04.039>.
Fraquelli M, Rigamonti C, Casazza G et al. Reproducibility of transient elastography in the evaluation of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease. Gut 2007; 56(7): 968–973. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2006.111302>.
Castéra L, Foucher J, Bernard PH et al. Pitfalls of liver stiffness measurement: a 5-year prospective study of 13,369 examinations. Hepatology 2010; 51(3): 828–835. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23425>.
Lucidarme D, Foucher J, Le Bail B et al. Factors of accuracy of transient elastography (fibroscan) for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2009; 49(4): 1083–1089. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.22748>.
Boursier J, Zarski JP, de Ledinghen V et al. Determination of reliability criteria for liver stiffness evaluation by transient elastography. Hepatology 2013; 57(3): 1182–1191. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.25993>.
Mederacke I, Wursthorn K, Kirschner J et al. Food intake increases liver stiffness in patients with chronic or resolved hepatitis C virus infection. Liver Int 2009; 29(10): 1500–1506. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478–3231.2009.02100.x>.
Berzigotti A, De Gottardi A, Vukotic R et al. Effect of meal ingestion on liver stiffness in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. PLoS One 2013; 8(3): e58742. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0058742>.
Arena U, Lupsor Platon M, Stasi C et al. Liver stiffness is influenced by a standardized meal in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus at different stages of fibrotic evolution. Hepatology 2013; 58(1): 65–72. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26343>.
Friedrich-Rust M, Ong MF, Martens S et al. Performance of transient elastography for the staging of liver fibrosis: a meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2008; 134(4): 960–974. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2008.01.034>.
de Ledinghen V, Vergniol J. Transient elastography (FibroScan). Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2008; 32(6 Suppl 1): 58–67. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0399–8320(08)73994–0>.
Pavlov CS, Casazza G, Nikolova D et al. Transient elastography for diagnosis of stages of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis in people with alcoholic liver disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 1: CD010542. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010542.pub2>.
Wong VW, Vergniol J, Wong GL et al. Diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2010; 51(2): 454–462. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23312>.
Chan HL, Wong GL, Choi PC et al. Alanine aminotransferase-based algorithms of liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography (Fibroscan) for liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat 2009; 16(1): 36–44. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2893.2008.01037.x>.
Ehrmann J, Hůlek P. Hepatologie. 2. vyd. Grada: Praha 2014. EAN 24780214. ISBN 978–80–247–8021–4.
Wong VW, Verginiol J, Wong GL et al. Diagnosis of fibrosis and cirrhosis using liver stiffness measurement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2010; 51(2): 454–462. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23312>.
Myers, RP, Pomier-Layrargues G, Kirsch R et al. Feasibility and diagnostic performance of the FibroScan XL probe for liver stiffness measurement in overweight and obese patients. Hepatology 2012; 55(1): 199–208. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.24624>.
Wong VW, Verginiol J, Wong GL et al. Liver stiffness measurement using XL probe in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107(12): 1862–1871. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2012.331>.
Trabut JB, Thépot V, Nalpas B et al. Rapid decline of liver stiffness following alcohol withdrawal in heavy drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2012; 36(8): 1407–1411. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1530–0277.2012.01737.x>.
Corpechot C, Carrat F, Poujol-Robert A et al. Noninvasive elastography-based assessment of liver fibrosis progression and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012; 56(1): 198–208. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.25599>.
de Franchis R. [Baveno VI Faculty]. Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: Report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: Stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2015; 63(3): 743–752. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2015.05.022>.
Stefanescu H, Grigorescu M, Luspor M et al. Spleen stiffness measurement using fibroscan for the noninvasive assessment of esophageal varices in liver cirrhosis patients, J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 26(1): 164–170. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440–1746.2010.06325.x>.
Bureau C, Metivier S, Peron JM et al. Transient elastography accurately predicts presence of significant portal hypertension in patients with chronic liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 27(12): 1261–1268. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.oerg/10.1111/j.1365–2036.2008.03701.x>.
Kim SU, Lee JH, Kim DY et al. Prediction of liver-related events using fibroscan in chronic hepatitis B patients showing advanced liver fibrosis. PLoS One 2012; 7(5): e36676. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036676>.
Sporea I, Raţiu I, Sirli R et al. Value of transient elastography for the prediction of variceal bleeding. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17(17): 2206–2210. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i17.2206>.
Shi KQ, Fan YC, Pan ZZ et al. Transient elastography: a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy in evaluation of portal hypertension in chronic liver disease. Liver Int 2013; 33(1): 62–71. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/liv.12003>.
Adler M, Larocca L, Trovato FM et al. Evaluating the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with prominently elevated liver stiffness measurements by FibroScan: a multicentre study. HPB (Oxford) 2016; 18(8): 678–683. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hpb.2016.05.005>.
Hezode C, Castera L, Roudot-Thoraval F et al. Liver stiffness diminishes with antiviral response in chronic hepatitis C. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34(6): 656–663. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2036.2011.04765.x>.
[European Association for the Study of the Liver]. EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2016. J Hepatol 2017; 66(1): 153–194. Dostupné z DOI: Dostupné z DOI: <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.09.001>.
Kleiner DE, Brunt EM, Van Natta M et al. [Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network]. Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2005; 41: 1313–1321. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.20701>.
Arndt R, Schmidt S, Loddenkemper Ch et al. Noninvasive evaluation of renal allograft fibrosis by transient elastography – a pilot study. Transpl Int 2010; 23(9): 871–877. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1432–2277.2010.01057.x>.
Sommerer C, Scharf M, Seitz Ch et al. Assessment of renal allograft fibrosis by transient elastography. Transpl Int 2013, 26(5): 545–551. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tri.12073>.