Rizikové faktory a surveillance hepatocelulárního karcinomu

Česká verzia

Authors: Soňa Fraňková; Jan Šperl
Authors place of work: Klinika hepatogastroenterologie IKEM, Praha
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2019; 65(9): 583-587
Category:

Summary

Hepatocelulární karcinom (HCC) je celosvětově druhou nejčastější příčinou úmrtí na nádorová onemocnění. V 90 % případů vzniká HCC v souvislosti s anamnézou jaterní cirhózy, nejčastěji při hepatitidě B a C. Surveillance HCC je založena na pravidelném vyšetření pacientů ve zvýšeném riziku vzniku nádoru s cílem snížit mortalitu spojenou s onemocněním. Cílovou populací k surveillance HCC jsou pacienti s jaterní cirhózou, nezávisle na její etiologii. Screening HCC můžeme provádět pomocí sérologických testů a zobrazovacích metod. V současné době je nejužívanější vyšetřovací metodou pro screening HCC ultrasonografie (USG), která má přijatelnou diagnostickou přesnost. Ze sérologických testů je nejčastěji používaným markerem ve screeningu HCC α-fetoprotein, má být však ve screeningu použit pouze v situacích, v nichž USG vyšetření není dostupné. USG vyšetření je v současné době všeobecně doporučovanou metodou surveillance HCC s 6měsíčním intervalem mezi jednotlivými vyšetřeními.

Keywords:

hepatocellular carcinoma – surveillance – HCV infection – mass screening – liver cirrhosis – ultrasound – α-fetoprotein – HBV infection

Zdroje

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