Rivaroxaban for the treatment and prevention of reccurence of venous thromboembolism in children

Česká verzia

Authors: Eliška Boženková; Miroslav Souček
Authors place of work: II. interní klinika, Fakultní nemocnice u sv. Anny v Brně
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2021; 67(3): 165-168
Category: Review Articles

Summary

Venous thromboembolism in children is rare, but the incidence has increased sharply during the last years. The standard of care for treating this disease consists of warfarin, unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparins and fondaparinux. Lately, the usage of rivaroxaban (direct oral anticoagulant) was officially approved. According to a recent study, treatment with rivaroxaban resulted in a similarly low recurrence risk and reduced thrombotic burden without increased risk of bleeding. The usage of direct oral anticoagulants could overcome the limitation of currently used care (mainly the necessity of regular laboratory monitoring and parenteral application) while providing similar efficacy and safety to treat venous thromboembolism in children.

Keywords:

children – DOAC – rivaroxaban – thromboembolic disease – Venous thromboembolism

Zdroje

1. Raffini L, Huang YS, Witmer C et al. Dramatic increase in venous thromboembolism in children‘ s hospitals in the United States from 2001 to 2007. Pediatrics 2009; 124(4): 1001–1008.

2. Mahajerin A, Croteau SE. Epidemiology and Risk Assessment of Pediatric Venous Thromboembolism. Front Pediatr 2017; 10(5): 68.

3. Victoria T, Mong A, Altes T et al. Evaluation of pulmonary embolism in a pediatric population with high clinical suspicion. Pediatr Radiol 2009; 39(1): 35–41.

4. Monagle P, Chan AKC, GoldenbergNA et al. Antithrombotic therapy in neonates and children: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest 2012; 141(2 Suppl): 737S–801S.

5. Sandoval JA, Sheehan MP, Stonerock CE et al. Incidence, risk factors, and treatment patterns for deep venous thrombosis in hospitalized children: an increasing population at risk. J Vasc Surg 2008; 47(4): 837–843.

6. Chan AK, Monagle P. Updates in thrombosis in pediatrics: where are we after 20 years? Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2012; 2012(1): 439–443.

7. Raffini J, Scott JP. Thrombotic Disorders in Children. In: Kliegman RM, Geme JS. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 21st ed. Elsevier: Philadelphia 2019: 2603–2067. ISBN: 978-0-323-52950-1

8. Macartney CA, Chan AK. Thrombosis in children. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2011; 37(7): 763–771.

9. Male C, Lensing AWA, Palumbo JS et al. Rivaroxaban compared with standard anticoagulants for the treatment of acute venous thrombembolism in children: a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol 2020; 7(1): 18–27.

10. Hluší A, Slavík L, Palová M et al. Nová orální antikoagulancia – pohled hematologa. Interní Med. 2015; 17(4): 200–203.

11. SPC – Souhrn údajů o přípravku. SÚKL. [cit. 2021–03–26]. Dostupné z WWW: https:// www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/pradaxa-epar-product-information_ cs.pdf

12. SPC – Souhrn údajů o přípravku. SÚKL. [cit. 2021–03–26]. Dostupné z WWW: https://www. ema.europa.eu/en/documents/product-information/xarelto-epar-product-information_cs.pdf

13. Halton J, Brandao LR, Luciani M et al. Dabigatran etexilate for the treatment of acute venous thrombembolism in children (DIVERSITY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 2b/3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Haematol 2021; 8(1): 22–33.

14. Van Ommen CH, Albisetti M, Chan AK et al. The Edoxaban Hokusai VTE PEDIATRICS Study: An open-label, multicenter, randomized study of edoxaban for pediatric venous thromboembolic disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4(5): 886–892.

15. Apixaban for the acute treatment of venous thromboembolism in children. Pfizer. [cit. 2021–03–26]. Dostupné z WWW: https://www.pfizer.com/science/find-a-trial/nct02464969