Objektivizace barvy kůže - chromametrie a remitenční spektrofotometrie - II

Objectivization of the Skin Colour: Chromametry and Remittance Spectrophotometry (RS) - 77

Introduction.
We have been concerned with remittance spectrophotometry at our department for almost 30 years. The submitted article is one of the series of publications which present our experience and results. First the importance of assessment for the objectivization of colour changes of the Skin are discussed.Objective and approach. The authors describe the development so far and the basic problem incl. the construction of equipment. The importance of detection by means of integration globes and fibretechnque are described as well as types of the used recording devices, i.e. by means of a prism, optic grid, holographic grid and wedge filters. The spectral information proper is used as a discrete or continual spectrum. In the submitted publication the authors present a description and technickl solution of the TRS-1 spectrophotometer using narrow-band fllters which are in the incorporated bloc without a mechanical turret and radiation is conducted only via light conducting cables to specially selected Si-photodiodes. Measurements are made in ms, the patient's movement is not disturbed by other artefacts. This approach is cheaper than in continual spectra. It can be adjusted according to the selection of filters to an actual narrow and specific problem. The selection of filters was made according to data reported in the literature, in particular with regard to zones for the identiflcation of erythema, haemoglobin, oxyhaemoglobin and melanin. In particular the following wavelengths are involved: 543, 558, 573, 615, 775, 805, SSO nm. Primary and secondary calibration of BaSOa, Mg0 and latex are ensured. All assessments are evaluated using PC/IBM. A special programme makes possible evaluation by means of graphs or tables and from the assessed values the logarithm of inverse reflectance is calculated (LIR). The measurements can be longitudinal or transverse. The objective was to improve the objectivization in the differential diagnosis of some slon diseases (pigment affections) and therapy.Results. The authors present examples of basic assessment: the curve of the discrete spectrum of normal slon in 100 probands, the tooth, nail, slon of the forehead, in 30 cases nummular psoriasis, always as compared with healthy slon. The authors submit also differences of an intradermal naevus, haemangioma and melanoma. They present an example of a positive (+) epicutaneous test on Peruvian balsam as compared with 30 healthy subjects. Furthermore important though non-specific differences between atonic ulcers as compared with granulating and epithelizing ones. It is thus possible to objectivize non-specifically the course of treatment by different means (Granuflex). There are obvious differences also between many dermatoses, tumours and normal slon. A further statistical and mathematical analysis of the assessed values is essential. There are problems with the presentation of results as there are numerous graphs and figures and atlases of the results of measurements could be prepared.Discussion and conclusion. The authors discuss the reasons for construction, possible use, negative and positive aspects of the described approach. Its use is in photodynamic diagnosis, spectrophotometry and spectrofluorimetry. Possible diagnostic application is possible, but still far ahead. The authors mention contemporary possibilities of the application of remission (remittence) spectrophotometry.

Key words:
reflex - remittance spectrophotometry - slon colour - objectivization of treatment - bioengineering methods - spectrum of slon and tissues - assessment of erythema - pigmentation