NEUROREHABILITATION AFTER SEVERE TRAUMATIC INJURY – REVIEW

Česká verzia

Authors: Tomáš Brož ¹; Albert Kharisov ¹; Martin Carda ²
Authors place of work: Department of Neurosurgery, Regional Hospital Pardubice, a. s. ¹; Neurochirurgické oddělení, Pardubická Krajská Nemocnice, a. s. ¹; Department of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Regional Hospital Pardubice, a. s. ²; Oddělení Úrazové chirurgie, Chirurgická klinika, Pardubická krajská nemocnice, a. s. ²
Published in the journal: Úraz chir. 22., 2014, č.3

Summary

INTRODUCTION:
Craniocerebral injuries belong among the most frequent serious and often debilitating injuries. Patients after completion of acute health care should achieve optimal quality of life. An early rehabilitation also has great influence in achieving this goal. Its role is mainly to support spontaneous regeneration and to use brain plasticity. We assume that the progression of neuronal plasticity can be influenced by stimuli from the environment, such as acoustic, visual, tactile, and thus restores or reorganizes function of damaged brain areas. Optimal use of spontaneous regeneration and neuronal plasticity is one of the most important goals of modern neurorehabilitation.

DISCUSSION:
The key Factors in neurorehabilitation are the demands of exercise, nonspecific activation and stimulations, colorful environments and specific exercises for impaired function. For the future, it is necessary to carry out more studies that would reveal the mechanisms of stimulation of behavior at different time intervals, and which would determine a link between treatment, intensity and its duration and functional recovery. It is also necessary to put in place a program of treatment that would include all stages of recovery - from the acute phase to the long-term chronic one.

CONCLUSION:
Despite the positive results when using early rehabilitation we are still confronted with a certain number of patients with a variety of persisting deficits, not only of sensorimotor functions, but also behavior and communication disorders their further improvement is extremely important for achieving higher level of professional and social reintegration. Not only the quality of health care provided to the patients after brain injury and also continuity and regional accessibility of the services belongs among the main determinants of their successful return to occupational and social life.

Key words:
Glasgow coma scale, severe brain injury, neurorehabilitation.

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