Structure, function and medical significance of lipocalins
Authors:
M. Fořtová 1,2; R. Průša 1; D. Vajtr 3
Authors place of work:
Ústav lékařské chemie a klinické biochemie 2. LF UK a FN Motol
1; Klinika nefrologie 1. LF UK a VFN
2; Ústav soudního lékařství a toxikologie 1. LF UK a VFN
3
Published in the journal:
Klin. Biochem. Metab., 21 (42), 2013, No. 3, p. 112-121
Summary
The lipocalin protein family is a large group of small extracellular proteins. The family demonstrates great diversity at the sequence level; however, lipocalin crystal structures are highly conserved and comprise a single eight-stranded antiparallel β-barrel, which encloses an internal ligand-binding site. They have been associated with a variety of different functions, among them transport of retinoids, steroids, bilins, pheromones, enzymic synthesis of prostaglandins, cryptic coloration, olfaction, immune response, cell regulation.
Lipocalin-2 (also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), which is a useful biomarker for early detection of various renal injuries, shows pleiotropic bioactivities in a variety of different cell types and tissues. It plays important roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, organogenesis, inflammation, hematopoiesis, wound healing, renal physiology, tumor and reproductive biology.
Key words:
lipocalin, β-barrel, lipocalin-2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.
Zdroje
1. Flower, D. R. The lipocalin protein family: structure and function. Biochem. J., 1996, 318, p.1-14.
2. Flower, D. R., North, A. C., Attwood, T. Structure and sequence relationships in the lipocalins and related proteins. Protein. Sci., 1993, 2, p. 753-761.
3. The Lipocalin Protein Family Database. Dostupný na www: <http//www.ibibiobase.com/projects/lipocalin/index.htm>
4. Smathers, R. L., Petersen, D. R. The human fatty acid-binding protein family: Evolutionary divergence and functions. Human Genomics, 2011, 5, p. 170-191.
5. Rassart, E., Bedirian, A., Do Carmo, S. et al. Apolipoprotein D. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2000, 1482 (1-2), p. 185-198.
6. Seppälä, M., Tailor, R. N., Koistinen, H. et al. Glycodelin: A major lipocalin protein of reproductive axis with diverse actions in cell recognition and differentiation. Endocr. Rev., 2002, 23 (4), p. 401-430.
7. Kjeldsen, L., Johnsen, A. H., Sengeløv, H. et al. Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. Biol. Chem., 1993, 268 (14), p. 10425-10432.
8. Liu, M., Prisco, M., Drakas, R., Searles, D., Baserga, R. 24p3 differentiation of myeloid cells. J. Cell. Physiol., 2005, 205 (2), p. 302-309.
9. Kjeldsen, L., Sengeløv, H., Lollike, K., Nielsen, M. H., Borregaard, N. Isolation and characterization of gelati-nase granules from human neutrophils. Blood, 1994, 83 (6),1640-1649.
10. Yan, Q. W., Yang, Q., Mody, N. et al. The adipokine lipocalin 2 is regulated by obesity and promotes insulin resistence. Diabetes, 2007, 56 (10), p. 2533-2540.
11. Cowland, J. B., Sørensen, O. E., Sehested, M., Borregaard, N. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is up-regulated in human epithelial cells by IL-1 beta, but not by TNF-alpha. J. Immunol., 2003, 171 (12), p. 6630-6639.
12. Jayaraman, A., Roberts, K. A., Yoon, J. et al. Identification of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a discriminatory marker of the hepatocyte-secreted protein response to IL-1beta: a proteomic analysis. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 2005, 91 (4), p. 502-515.
13. Mallbris, L., O‘Brien, K. P., Hulthén, A. et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a marker for dysregulated keratinocyte differentiation in human skin. Exp. Dermatol., 2002, 11 (6), p. 584-591.
14. Sunil, V. R., Patel, K. J., Nilsen-Hamilton, M., Heck, D. E., Laskin, J. D., Laskin, D. L. Acute endotoxemia is associated with upregulation of lipocalin 24p3/Lcn2 in lung and liver. Exp. Mol. Pathol., 2007, 83 (2), 177-187.
15. Bu, D. X., Hemdahl, A. L., Gabrielsen, A. et al. Induction of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in vascular injury via activation of nuclear factor-kappa B. Am. J. Pathol., 2006, 169 (6), p. 2245-2253.
16. Sørensen, O. E., Cowland, J. B., Theilgaard-Mönch, K., Liu, L., Ganz, T., Borregaard, N. Wound healing and expression of antimicrobial peptides/polypeptides in human keratinocytes, a consequence of common growth factors. J. Immunol., 2003, 170 (11), p. 5583-5589.
17. Hekerman, P., Zeidler, J., Korfmacher, S. et al. Leptin induces inflammation-related genes in RINm5F insulinoma cells. BMC Mol. Biol., 2007, 8, p. 41.
18. Yan, L., Borregaard, N., Kjeldsen, L. et al. The high molecular weight urinary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is a complex of gelatinase B/MMP-9 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Modulation of MMP-9 activity by NGAL. J. Biol. Chem., 2001, 276, p. 37258-37265.
19. Bong, J. J., Seol, M. B., Kim, H. H., Han, O., Back, K., Baik, M. The 24p3 gene is induced during involution of the mammary gland and induces apoptosis of mammary epithelial cells. Mol. Cells., 2004, 17 (1), p. 29-34.
20. Nickolas, T. L., Barasch, J., Devarajan, P. Biomarkers in acute and chronic kidney disease. Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens., 2008, 17 (2), p. 127-132.
21. Hemdahl, A. L., Gabrielsen, A., Zhu, C. et al. Expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 2006, 26, p. 136-142.
22. Friedl, A., Stoesz, S. P., Buckley, P. et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in normal and neoplastic human tissues. Cell type-specific pattern of expression. Histochem. J., 1999, 31, p. 433-441.
23. Miharada, K., Hiroyama, T., Sudo, K., Nagasawa, T., Nakamura, Y. Lipocalin 2 functions as a negative regulator of red blood cell production in an autocrine fashion. FASEB J., 2005, 19 (13), p. 1881-1883.
24. Draper, D. W., Bethea, H. N., He, Y. W. Toll-like receptor 2-dependent and -independent activation of macrophages by group B streptococci. Immunol. Lett., 2006, 102 (2), p. 202-214.
25. Goetz, D. H., Holmes, M. A., Borregaard, N., Bluhm, M. E., Raymond, K. N., Strong, R. K. The neutrophil lipocalin NGAL is a bacteriostatic agent that interferes with siderophore-mediated iron acquisition. Mol. Cell., 2002, 10 (5), p. 1033-1043.
26. Mori, K., Lee, H. T., Rapoport, D. et al. Endocytic delivery of lipocalin-siderophore-iron complex rescues the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury. J. Clin. Invest., 2005, 115, p. 610-621.
27. Gwira, J. A., Wei, F., Ishibe, S., Ueland, J. M., Barasch, J., Cantley, L. G. Expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin regulates epithelial morphogenesis in vitro. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, 280 (9), p. 7875-7882.
28. Yang, J., Goetz, D., Li, J. Y. et al. An iron delivery pathway mediated by a lipocalin. Mol. Cell., 2002, 10 (5), p. 1045-1056.
29. Devireddy, L. R., Gazin, C., Zhu, X., Green, M. R. A cell-surface receptor for lipocalin 24p3 selectively mediates apoptosis and iron uptake. Cell, 2005, 123 (7), p. 1293-1305.
30. Hvidberg, V., Jacobsen, C., Strong, R. K., Cowland, J. B., Moestrup, S. K., Borregaard, N. The endocytic receptor megalin binds the iron transporting neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin with high affinity and mediates its cellular uptake. FEBS Lett., 2005, 579 (3), p. 773-777.
31. Mishra, J., Mori, K., Ma, Q., et al. Amelioration of ischemic acute renal injury by neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 2004, 15 (12), p. 3073-3082.
32. Fořtová, M., Bláhová, K., Fencl, F., Stará, V., Pechová, M., Průša, R. Vyšetření neutrofilního s gelatinázou asociovaného lipokalinu v moči u dětských pacientů s akutním a chronickým onemocněním ledvin. Klin. Biochem. Metab., 2011, 19 (40), p. 200.
33. Teplan, V., Trbušek, J. Akutní poškození a selhání ledvin: nové biomarkery v časné diagnostice. Postgraduální medicína, 2010, 9, p. 984-989.
34. Zappitelli, M., Washburn, K. K., Arikan, A. A. et al. Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is an early marker of acute kidney injury in critically ill children: a prospective cohort study. Crit. Care, 2007, 11 (4), R84.
35. Hirsch, R., Dent, C., Pfriem, H. et al. NGAL is an early predictive biomarker of contrast-induced nephropathy in children. Pediatr. Nephrol., 2007, 22 (12), p. 2089-2095.
36. Bennett, M., Dent, C. L., Ma, Q. et al. Urine NGAL predicts severity of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a prospective study. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 2008, 3 (3), p. 665-673.
37. Parikh, C. R., Jani, A., Mishra, J. et al. Urine NGAL and IL-18 are predictive biomarkers for delayed graft function following kidney transplantation. Am. J. Transplant., 2006, 6 (7), p. 1639-1645.
38. Wagener, G., Jan, M., Kim, M. et al. Association between increases in urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and acute renal dysfunction after adult cardiac surgery. Anesthesiology, 2006, 105 (3), p. 485-491.
39. Bolignano, D., Coppolino, G., Campo, S. et al. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with severity of renal disease in proteinuric patients. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., 2008, 23 (1), p. 414-416.
40. Bolignano, D., Lacquaniti, A., Coppolino, G. et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an early biomarker of nephropathy in diabetic patients. Kidney Blood Press. Res., 2009, 32 (2), p. 91-98.
41. Ding, H., He, Y., Li, K. et al. Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an early biomarker for renal tubulointerstitial injury in IgA nephropathy. Clin. Immunol., 2007, 123 (2), p. 227-234.
42. Pitashny, M., Schwarz, N., Qing, X. et al. Urinary lipocalin-2 is associated with renal disease activity in human lupus nephritis. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, 56 (6), p. 1894-1903.
43. Bolignano, D., Lacquaniti, A., Coppolino, G. et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and progression of chronic kidney disease. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 2009, 4 (2), p. 337-344.
44. Tschesche, H., Zölzer, V., Triebel, S., Bartsch, S. The human neutrophil lipocalin supports the allosteric activation of matrix metalloproteinases. Eur. J. Biochem., 2001, 268 (7), p. 1918-1928.
45. Fernández, C. A., Yan, L., Louis, G., Yang, J., Kutok, J. L., Moses, M. A. The matrix metalloproteinase-9/neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin complex plays a role in breast tumor growth and is present in the urine of breast cancer patients. Clin. Cancer Res., 2005, 11 (15), p. 5390-5395.
46. Kubben, F. J., Sier, C. F., Hawinkels, L. J. et al. Clinical evidence for a protective role of lipocalin-2 against MMP-9 autodegradation and the impact for gastric cancer. Eur. J. Cancer., 2007, 43 (12), p. 1869-1876.
47. Zhang, H., Xu, L., Xiao, D. et al. Upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: significant correlation with cell differentiation and tumour invasion. J. Clin. Pathol., 2007, 60 (5): p. 555-561.
48. Venkatesha, S., Hanai, J., Seth, P., Karumanchi, S. A., Sukhatme, V. P. Lipocalin 2 antagonizes the proangiogenic action of ras in transformed cells. Mol Cancer Res., 2006, 4 (11), p. 821-829.
49. Hanai, J., Mammoto, T., Seth, P. et al. Lipocalin 2 diminishes invasiveness and metastasis of Ras-transformed cells. J. Biol. Chem., 2005, 280 (14), p. 13641-13647.
50. Lim, R., Ahmed, N., Borregaard, N. et al. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) an early-screening biomarker for ovarian cancer: NGAL is associated with epidermal growth factor-induced epithelio-mesenchymal transition. Int. J. Cancer., 2007, 120 (11), p. 2426-2434.
51. Lee, H. J., Lee, E. K., Lee, K. J., Hong, S. W., Yoon, Y., Kim, J. S. Ectopic expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin suppresses the invasion and liver metastasis of colon cancer cells. Int. J. Cancer., 2006, 118 (10), p. 2490-2497.
52. Smith, E. R., Zurakowski, D., Saad, A., Scott, R. M., Moses, M. A. Urinary biomarkers predict brain tumor presence and response to therapy. Clin. Cancer. Res., 2008, 14 (8), p. 2378-2386.
53. Zheng, L. T., Lee, S., Yin, G. N., Mori, K., Suk, K. Down-regulation of lipocalin 2 contributes to chemoresistance in glioblastoma cells. J. Neurochem., 2009, 111 (5), p. 1238-1251.
54. Dong, M., Xi, G., Keep, R. F., Hua, Y. Role of iron in brain lipocalin 2 upregulation after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Brain Res., 2013, 1505, p. 86-92.
55. Gupta, K., Shukla, M., Cowland, J. B., Malemud, C. J., Haqqi, T. M. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is expressed in osteoarthritis and forms a complex with matrix metalloproteinase 9. Arthritis Rheum., 2007, 56 (10), p. 3326-3335.
56. Wang, Y., Lam, K. S., Kraegen, E. W. et al. Lipocalin-2 is an inflammatory marker closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in humans. Clin. Chem., 2007, 53 (1), p. 34-41.
57. Sørensen, O. E., Thapa, D. R., Roupé, K. M. et al. Injury-induced innate immune response in human skin mediated by transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J. Clin. Invest., 2006, 116 (7), p. 1878-1885.
58. Playford, R. J., Belo, A., Poulsom, R. et al. Effects of mouse and human lipocalin homologues 24p3/lcn2 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin on gastrointestinal mucosal integrity and repair. Gastroenterology, 2006, 131 (3), p. 809-817.
59. Berger, T., Togawa, A., Duncan, G. S .et al. Lipocalin 2-deficient mice exhibit increased sensitivity to Escherichia coli infection but not to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A, 2006, 103 (6), p. 1834-1839.
60. Orenes-Piñero, E., Manzano-Fernández, S., López-Cuenca, A., Marín, F., Valdés, M., Januzzi, J. L. β-Trace Protein: From GFR Marker to Cardiovascular Risk Predictor. Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 2013, 8 (5): 873-881.
61. Redl, B. Human tear lipocalin. Biochem. Biophys. Acta, 2000, 1482 (1-2), p. 241-248.
62. Dittrich, A. M., Meyer, H. A., Hamelmann, E. The role of lipocalins in airway disease. Clin. Exp. Allergy, 2013, 43 (5), p. 503-511.
Štítky
Clinical biochemistry Nuclear medicine Nutritive therapistČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism
2013 Číslo 3
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Vitamin D intoxication - casuistic
- Glycated hemoglobin HbA1C and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Opinions and perspectives.
- Structure, function and medical significance of lipocalins
- HDL: function, dysfunction and laboratory methods of determination