Changes in congintive functions in patients with acute cerebrovascular event who tested by Mini-Mental State Examination and the Clock Drawing Test

Česká verzia

Authors: D. Školoudík ^1,2; T. Fadrná ¹; M.sedláková ¹; P. Ressner ²; M. Bar ¹; O. Zapletalová ¹; D.šaňák; R. Herzig ²; P. Kaňovský ²
Authors place of work: Neurologická klinika FNsP, Ostrava ¹; Neurologická klinika LF UP a FN, Olomouc ²
Published in the journal: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2007; 70/103(4): 382-387
Category: Original Paper

Výsledky studie byly prezentovány formou přednášky na Third international congress on vascular dementia, Praha, 25. 10. 2003 a XXXI. Slovensko-českém neurovaskulárním sympoziu, Bratislava, Slovenská republika, 10. 10. 2 003.

Summary

Introduction:
The objective of the study was to evaluate changes in testing cognitive functions by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) in patients with acute cerebrovascular eventu (CVE) in the first 3 months from the occurrence of symptoms.

Method:
The study enrolled patients with acute CVE admitted to the hospital within 6 hours from the onset of symptoms. The control group (CG) consisted of patients with acute coronary syndrome without symptoms of affection of the central nervous system. MMSE and CDT tests were performed in all patients on the 2nd, 30th and 90th day. The influence of the monitored factors on the results of cognitive function tests was evaluated statistically.

Results:
A total of 30 patients with CVE were enrolled in the study (of which 57 % men of mean age 69.0 ± ± 11.3 years). The control group consisted of 15 patients (66.7 % of men of mean age 69.8 years ± 11.5 years). The percentage of CVE patients for whom pathological values were recorded in at least one of the performed tests was 73.3 % and 20.8 % on the 2nd and 90th day, respectively. In the control group, pathological findings were diagnosed in only 27 % and 7 % of patients on the 2nd and the 90th day, respectively (p < 0.01). A significant improvement was recorded between the results of the first and the second cognitive test (p<0.05). Significantly worse results in cognitive tests were recorded in patients at a higher age, in patients with a speech disturbance, with infection, and in patients with major neurological damage (p < 0.05). Correlation of the MMSE and CDT results was statistically significant (p < 0.01), with Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.79.

Conclusion:
Using MMSE and CDT, cognitive function impairment can be detected in 73.3 % of patients in the acute phase of CVE. In addition to brain lesions, the results of the cognitive function tests were influenced by acute stress, higher age, speech disturbance, infection and the burden of neurological affection.

Key words:
cerebrovascular event – cognitive functions – risk factors – Mini-Mental State Examination – Clock Drawing Test

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