Glioblastoma Multiforme – a Review of Pathogenesis, Biomarkers and Therapeutic Perspectives

Česká verzia

Authors: J. Polívka ¹; J. Polívka Jr ^2,3; V. Rohan ¹; O. Topolčan ⁴
Authors place of work: Neurologická klinika LF UK a FN Plzeň ¹; Ústav histologie a embryologie, LF UK v Plzni ²; Biomedicínské centrum, LF UK v Plzni ³; Imunoanalytická laboratoř, Oddělení nukleární medicíny, FN Plzeň ⁴
Published in the journal: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2013; 76/109(5): 575-583
Category: Review Article

Podpořeno MZ ČR – RVO (Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň – FNPl, 00669806). Podpořeno projektem ED2.1.00/ 03.0076 Evropského fondu pro regionální

Summary

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults with high mortality. Standard glioblastoma therapy consists of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide. However, the overall survival is still very low. Further understanding of the cancerogenetic processes and implementation of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers as well as targeted cancer therapy and cancer immunotherapy could improve this unsatisfactory situation. This review summarizes current understanding of glioblastoma cancerogenesis as well as the role of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers (Isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 mutations, glioma cytosine-guanine island methylator phenotype, promoter methylation status of the MGMT gene). New targeted therapeutic approaches, such as growth factor inhibitors and their receptors, inhibitors of intracellular signaling pathways, inhibitors of pathological angiogenesis and tumor immunotherapy are briefly discussed. Novel glioblastoma treatment options are summarized in the context of predictive and personalised medicine.

Key words:
glioblastoma multiforme – biomarkers –molecular genetics – targeted therapy – personalized medicine

The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.

The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers.

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