ADHD – Symptoms and Gender
Authors:
E. Malá
Authors place of work:
Psychiatrická ordinace, Neurologická klinika 1. LF UK, Praha
Published in the journal:
Čes. a slov. Psychiat., 104, 2008, No. 4, pp. 172-179.
Category:
Comprehensive Reports
Summary
Hyperkinetic disorders are classified into category F90 according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and into attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) and are found in all age groups from childhood to adulthood. From results of the latest research and clinical experiences it follows that for rational and effective therapy the subtypes of ADHD must be distinguished. It is also important that ADHD in boys and girls exhibits gender differences. Neurodevelopmental delay and frequent minimal organic damage with accumulated external stress lead to maladaptive behaviour with high psychiatric comorbidity. Children with ADHD display genetic influences, abnormal maturation of CNS followed with the abnormal development of neurotransmitter systems. The disorder is successfully treated with stimulants, and since 2002 /Czech Rep. 2007/ also with atomoxetine. The disorder is due to interactions with genetic, neurobiologic and environmental /epigenetic/ factors.
Key words:
ADHD, different subtypes, gender differences, comorbidity, therapy - methylphenidate, atomoxetine.
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Štítky
Addictology Paediatric psychiatry PsychiatryČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Czech and Slovak Psychiatry
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