The Role of Heredity in the Development of Dependence on Tobacco

České info

Role dedicnosti v rozvoji zavislosti na tabaku

Kourem je jednim z nejzavaznejsich rizikovych faktoru rozvoje aterosklerozy a nadorovych onemocneni. Pies rozsahle preventivni kampane prekracuje incidence kourem v ruznych populacich 30 %. Ackoli kuractvl/nekuractvl je ovlivneno mnoha vnejsimi faktory (reklamni kampane tabakovych spolecnosti, kuractvi ci nekuractvi rodicu nebo partneru, prislusnost k urcite socialni skupine), analyza dat peti rozsahlych studii (zahrnujici vice nez pet tisic paru dvojcat) ukazala, ze predispozice ke kourem cigaret je vyznamne ovlivnena i geneticky. Zavislost na tabaku je otazka polygenni predispozice a dlohu v nem mohou brat polymorfismy rady germ - nape. genu pro koumarin 7 alfa-hydroxylasu, dopamin, dopaminove transportery a receptory. Tato prace shrnuje prehlednou formou soucasne znalosti o geneticke determinaci kourem.

Klíčová slova:
kourem - genetika - polymorfismus - nikotin.

Authors: J. A. Hubacek
Authors place of work: Centrum experimentdlniho vyzkumu chorob srdce a cev, Praha, reditel prof. MUDr. B. Ostddal, DrSc. Institut klinicke a experimentdlni mediciny, Praha, reditel MUDr. K. Filip, CSc.
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2003; (4): 218-221
Category:

Summary

Smoking is one of the most serious risk factors of development of atherosclerosis and cancer. Although massive antismoking campaigns are underway, the smoking incidence in different populations is higher than 30 %. Smoking status is influenced by environmental factors (sales promotion campaigns of tobacco companies, smoking or non-smoking of parents and partners, social group), but results from data analysis of five large studies (included more than five thousands twin-pairs) suggest that there is also a significant genetic component of cigarette smoking and tobacco dependence. Smoking is a question of polygenic predisposition and polymorphisms of many genes - for example gene for coumarin 7 alfa hydroxylase, dopamine, dopamine transporters and receptors - could play a role in tobacco dependence. In this review we summarize our recent knowledge about genetic determination of s

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