The importance of physical activity for seniors and its impact on quality of life
Authors:
Ľ. Derňarová; F. Németh; A. Šuličová; T. Šantová; L. Kendrová
Authors place of work:
Vedúci projektu: doc. MUDr. František Németh, PhD.
; Vedúca katedry: PhDr. Terézia Fertaľová, PhD.
; Katedra ošetrovateľstva
; Dekanka: doc. PhDr. Štefánia Andraščíková, PhD.
; Fakulta zdravotníckych odborov
; Prešovská univerzita v Prešove
Published in the journal:
Prakt. Lék. 2021; 101(4): 207-212
Category:
Of different specialties
Summary
Introduction. In this paper, we investigate the impact of physical activity in seniors on quality of life by creating two comparative groups of seniors: a group in which seniors undertook a physical activity program and a group in which their lifestyle did not change.
Methods. The cohort of seniors with physical activity consisted of 47 seniors and the cohort without physical activity consisted of 40 seniors. The Barthel Functional Test (ADL), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Frailty Scale (Frail Scale) were administered to both groups of seniors Before and after the physical activity program, the quality of life of seniors in both groups was assessed using standardized WHOQOL-OLD and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires. For the assessment of physical activities we chose a tri-axial accelerometer – ActiGraph GT3X+, with which we obtained data such as: total time spent in inactivity, light – moderate – moderate activity in minutes, number of steps, number of kcal, etc.
Results. According to the ActiGraphom GT3X+ evaluation, seniors showed time spent in inactivity: almost 15 hours in the first week, confirming that seniors were also "lounging" during the day or sitting without significant movement. After evaluating the period with physical activity, we found increased energy expenditure in the form of calories consumed, decreased time in inactivity, increased time in light physical activity (PA), moderate PA, a small increase in time in moderate PA, and a decrease in time spent in sedentary breaks. From the analysis of the data obtained using WHOQOL-BREF, we found statistical significance in the mean response values (in terms of improvement) was found in the domains "Mental Health/Experience" and "Health Satisfaction". Evaluation of quality of life through the WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire demonstrated a slight improvement (higher mean scores) was recorded in the domains "Functioning of the Senses", "Independence", "Fulfillment" and "Close Relationships". Statistical significance was not reached in either domain. In the control group without physical activity, statistical significance was reached only in the "Quality of Life" domain.
Conclusion. Our expectations of a significant improvement in the quality of life of the elderly after the exercise program were not fulfilled due to the short time interval of the exercise program, the preferred mild to moderate intensity of PA, pandemic reasons, etc. Although we did not find improvement or at least a tendency towards improvement in all domains, the results obtained after the physical activity program, especially in the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, cannot be considered insignificant.
Keywords:
Physical activity – Quality of life – seniors
Zdroje
1. Bashkireva AS, Bogdanova DY, Bilyk AY, et. al. Quality of life and physical activity among elderly and old people. Adv Gerontol 2018; 31(5): 743–750.
2. Boggatz T. Quality of life in old age - a concept analysis. Int J Older People Nurs 2016; 11(1): 55–69.
3. Ehn M, Johansson A, Revenäs Å. Technology-based motivation support for seniors’ physical activity-a qualitative study on seniors’ and health care professionals’ views. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16(13): 2418.
4. Gillespie LD, Robertson MC. Gillespie WJ, et al. Interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 2012(9): CD007146.
5. Hallal PC, Andersen LB, Bull FC, et al. Physical activity series working group. Global physical activity levels: Surveillance progress, pitfalls, and prospects. Lancet 2012; 380: 247–257.
6. Holczerová V, Dvořáčková D. Volnočasové aktivity pro seniory. Praha: Grada Publishing 2013.
7. Kalfoss MH, Reidunsdatter RJ, Klöckner CA, Nilsen M. Validation of the WHOQOL-BREF: psychometric properties and normative data for the Norwegian general population. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021; 19(1): 13.
8. Merom D, Pye V, Macniven R, et al. Prevalence and correlates of participation in fall prevention exercise/physical activity by older adults. Prev Med 2012; 55: 613–617.
9. Pernambuco CS, Rodrigues BM, Pereira Bezerra JC, et al. Quality of life, elderly and physical activity. Health 2012; 4(2): 88–93.
10. Power M, Quinn K, Schmidt S, et al. Development of the WHOQOL-OLD Module. Qual Life Res 2005; 14(10): 2197–2214.
11. Puciato D, Borysiuk Z, Rozpara M. Quality of life and physical activity in an older working-age population. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12: 1627–1634.
12. Sherrington C, Michaleff ZA, Fairhall N, et al. Exercise to prevent falls in older adults: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2017; 51(24): 1750–1758.
13. Simek EM, Mcphate L, Haines TP. Adherence to and efficacy of home exercise programs to prevent falls: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of exercise program characteristics. Prev Med 2012; 55(4): 262–275.
14. Taylor AH, Cable NT, Faulkner G, et al. Physical activity and older adults: A review of health benefits and the effectiveness of interventions. J. Sports Sci 2004; 22: 703–725.
15. Tišanská L, Kožený J, Csémy L. Assessment of seniors΄ quality of life: WHOQOL-AGE questionnaire. Českoslov. Psychologie, 2021; 65(1): 60–72.
16. Vagetti GC, Barbosa Filho VC, Moreira NB, et al. Association between physical activity and quality of life in the elderly: a systematic review, 2000–2012. Braz J Psychiatry 2014; 36(1): 76–88.
17. Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. Health benefits of physical activity: The evidence. CMAJ 2006; 174: 801–809.
18. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization 2010.
19. Mahoney FI, Barthel D. Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Maryland State Med Journal 1965; 14: 56–61.
Štítky
General practitioner for children and adolescents General practitioner for adultsČlánok vyšiel v časopise
General Practitioner
2021 Číslo 4
- Advances in the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis on the Horizon
- Memantine Eases Daily Life for Patients and Caregivers
- What Effect Can Be Expected from Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis?
- Spasmolytic Effect of Metamizole
- Metamizole at a Glance and in Practice – Effective Non-Opioid Analgesic for All Ages
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Female athletic triad
- The importance of physical activity for seniors and its impact on quality of life
- Implementation of point-of-care ultrasound examination in primary care in the Czech Republic
- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in a young patient