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Laboratory diagnostics of pleural effusion


Authors: P. Jakubec;  K. Palatka;  T. Jakubcová;  V. Kolek
Authors place of work: Klinika plicních nemocí a tuberkulózy Lékařské fakulty UP a FN Olomouc, přednosta prof. MUDr. Vítězslav Kolek, CSc.
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2008; 54(3): 265-272
Category: Review

Summary

Pleural effusion is a frequent reason for a pulmonologist´s investigation. Many pulmonary and extrapulmonary causes of pleural effusion exist. Heart failure, pneumonia and malignancies are the most frequent among them. Laboratory examination of pleural liquid is a corner stone of diagnostics. We use various biochemical, microbiological, cytologic and other methods. The first step is a differentiation between transudate and exudate. If the laboratory examinations are unsuccessful, we can use invasive procedures - pleural biopsy and thoracoscopy. Despite all modern diagnostic methods the causes of about 15 % pleural effusions remain unclear.

Key words:
pleural effusion - thoracocentesis - laboratory diagnostics - transudate - exudate


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