Impact of aortic stiffness on central hemodynamics and cardiovascular system

Česká verzia

Authors: J. Bulas; M. Potočárová; M. Filková; A. Šimková; J. Murín
Authors place of work: I. interná klinika Lekárskej fakulty UK a UN Bratislava, Slovenská republika, prednostka doc. MU Dr. Soňa Kiňová, PhD.
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2013; 59(6): 444-449
Category: 80th birthday prof. MUDr. Karla Horkého, DrSc., FACP (Hon.)

Summary

Arterial stiffness increases as a result of degenerative processes accelerated by aging and many risk factors, namely arterial hypertension. Basic clinical examination reveals increased pulse pressure as its hemodynamic manifestation. The most serious consequence of increased vascular stiffness, which cannot be revealed by clinical examination, is a change of central hemodynamics leading to increased load of left ventricle, left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and to overall increase of cardiovascular risk. This review aimed to point at some patophysiological mechanisms taking part in the development of vascular stiffness, vascular remodeling and hemodynamic consequences of these changes. This work also gives an overview of non‑invasive examination methods and their characteristics enabling to evaluate the local, regional and systemic arterial stiffness and central pulse wave analysis and their meaning for central hemodynamics and heart workload.

Key words:
aortic stiffness – cardiovascular risk – pulse wave velocity (PWV) – augmentation index – wave reflexion – central blood pressure

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