News in cardiology

Česká verzia

Authors: Jan Václavík
Authors place of work: Interní a kardiologická klinika Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava a Lékařská fakulta Ostravské univerzity
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2023; 69(1): 57-63
Category: News in...
doi: https://doi.org/10.36290/vnl.2023.008

Summary

The article summarizes new advances in cardiology published in 2022, which have an impact to everyday practice of not only internists and cardiologists. The administration of polypill to patients after myocardial infarction (SECURE study), early pharmacotherapy of hypertension in pregnant women with blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mmHg (CHAP study), or the administration of dapagliflozin to patients with heart failure with preserved or mildly reduced ejection fraction (DELIVER study) have been shown to be effective. Patients with heart failure do not have to limit their sodium intake (SODIUM-HF study), on the contrary, they benefit from up-titration of guideline-recommended drugs to the maximum tolerated doses as quickly as possible (STRONG-HF study). For antihypertensives, it does not matter whether they are taken in the morning or in the evening (TIME study), nor has there been found any difference in the incidence of cardiovascular events with hydrochlorothiazide and chlortalidone (DCP study). In patients with increased cardiovascular risk, highly sensitive troponin should be measured before non-cardiac surgery as well as 24 and 48 hours after surgery to detect perioperative myocardial infarction. Different blood pressure and oxygenation targets in patients after resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest do not affect the outcomes of their treatment.

Keywords:

myocardial infarction – arterial hypertension – heart failure – cardiology – update – hypertension during pregnancy

Zdroje

1. Castellano JM, Pocock SJ, Bhatt DL, et al. SECURE Investigators. Polypill Strategy in Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention. N Engl J Med. 2022 Sep 15;387(11):967-977.

2. Mackenzie IS, Rogers A, Poulter NR, et al. Lancet. 2022 Oct 22;400(10361):1417-1425.

3. Tita AT, Szychowski JM, Boggess K, et al. Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy (CHAP) Trial Consortium. Treatment for Mild Chronic Hypertension during Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2022 May 12;386(19):1781-1792.

4. Halvorsen S, Mehilli J, Cassese S, et al. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular assessment and management of patients undergoing non‑cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J. 2022 Oct 14;43(39):3826-3924.

5. Kjaergaard J, Møller JE, Schmidt H, et al. Blood‑Pressure Targets in Comatose Survivors of Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med. 2022 Oct 20;387(16):1456-1466.

6. Schmidt H, Kjaergaard J, Hassager C, et al. Oxygen Targets in Comatose Survivors of Cardiac Arrest. N Engl J Med. 2022 Oct 20;387(16):1467-1476.

7. Solomon SD, McMurray JJV, Claggett B, et al. DELIVER Trial Committees and Investigators. Dapagliflozin in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction. N Engl J Med. 2022 Sep 22;387(12):1089-1098.

8. Ezekowitz JA, Colin‑Ramirez E, Ross H, et al. SODIUM‑HF Investigators. Reduction of dietary sodium to less than 100 mmol in heart failure (SODIUM‑HF): an international, open‑label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2022 Apr 9;399(10333):1391-1400. Erratum in: Lancet. 2022 Oct 8;400(10359):1194.

9. Mebazaa A, Davison B, Chioncel O, et al. Safety, tolerability and efficacy of up‑titration of guideline‑directed medical therapies for acute heart failure (STRONG‑HF): a multinational, open‑label, randomised, trial. Lancet. 2022 Dec 3;400(10367):1938-1952.

10. Ishani A, Cushman WC, Leatherman SM, et al. Diuretic Comparison Project Writing Group. Chlorthalidone vs. Hydrochlorothiazide for Hypertension‑Cardiovascular Events. N Engl J Med. 2022 Dec 29;387(26):2401-2410.