Migration of the people and parasites: facts from survey of 5511 foreigners
Authors:
Michal Giboda
Authors place of work:
Vzdělávací a výzkumný institut AGEL, o. p. s., Prostějov
Published in the journal:
Čas. Lék. čes. 2018; 157: 373-379
Category:
Original Articles
Summary
In the course of the years 1983–1989, 5511 foreigners in the age of 20 to 40 years old from 87 countries were examined for human parasites. Everyone was examined within 1 months of arrival in the Czech Republic in the Active Case Detection (ACD) program. The intensity of infection was measured in those parasites which do not reproduce in the human body. Intensity of infection with geohelmints was express as a number of eggs per gram of feaces (EPG).
1079 foreigners infected with Trichuris trichiura are in 94,8 % suffering of light infection, the cohort of 694 foreigners infected with Ascaris lumbricoides suffered in 49,8 % of light infection, and 349 individuals infected with hookworms suffer in 96,0 % of cases of light infection.
Pathology of infection with Schistosoma is founded on immunopathological reaction of the capillary endothelium to antigen excreted by mature eggs resulting in granulomatous inflammation with more than 20 times higher synthesis of collagen type I. Restructuralized tissue of liver, urinary bladder and large intestine with fibrotic scar, persisted 26 months though parasite was cured.
50 individuals from African countries were positive for infection with Plasmodium falciparum. 37/74, % of those were asymptomatic carriers with parasite load less than 10 000 merozoits per 1 µl of peripheric blood. That is the threshold between asymptomatic carrier and carries of the disease. All 37 Africans claimed absence of the disease before departure to the Czech Republic.
The presence of RBC in trophozoit of Entamoeba histolytica is undoubtedly related to their virulence. In stool of 235 patients suffering for diarrhea in Cambodian hospital only 11,6 % of them harboured motile trophozoits of Entamoeba histolytica with phagocyte RBC confirming amoebic etiology of diarrhea. Such proportion of pathogenic amoeba is accepted all around the world.
Keywords:
Foreigners, imported parasites, active case detection, passive case detection, intensity of infection, clinical course of infection, cured parasite, persisting pathology
Zdroje
- Anderson RM, May RM. Helminths infections of humans: mathematical models, population dynamics and control. Adv Parasitol 1985; 24: 1–101.
- Kozák A, Magrová E. Beitrag zur koprologischen Diagnostik menschlicher Helminthiasen. Helmintologia 1960; 2(2): 87–94.
- Hunter GW, Hodgens EP, Diamond LS. Studies on schistosomiasis II. Bull U.S. Army Med Dep 1948; 8: 126–131.
- Giboda M, Kratochvil I. Príspevok k diagnostike črevných prvokov koncentračnou metódou merthiolát-jód-formaldyhydovou (MIFK). Československá hygiena 1970; 15: 83–85.
- Katz N, Chaves A, Pellegrino JA. Simple device for quantitative stool thick-smear technique in Schistosomiasis mansoni. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 1972; 14: 397–400.
- WHO. Prevention and control of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis. Report of a WHO expert committee. WHO Technical Report Series N° 912. World Health Organization, 2002.
- Teesdale, CH, Fahringer K, Chitsulo L. Egg count variability and sensitivity of a thin smear technique for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1985; 79(3): 369–373.
- Roche H, Layrisse M. The nature and causes of hookworm anemia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1966; 15: 1031–1102.
- Foy M, Kondi A. Hookworm in the aetiology of tropical iron deficiency anaemia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1960; 54: 419–433.
- Gilles HM. Clinical and laboratory aspects of hookworm infection and anaemia. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 1972; 35(6): 267–276.
- Roger CK, Faye B, Cheikh TN. Parasitic infections among children under five years in Senegal: prevalence and effect on anaemia and nutritional status. Parasitology 2013: 272701.
- Giboda M, Loudová J, Shonová O et al. Efficacy of Praziquantel treatment of schistosomiasis in non-endemic country: a follow-up of parasitological, clinical and immunological parameters. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 1992; 36(4): 346–355.
- Giboda M, Žďárská Z. Alkaline phosphatase as marker of Schistosoma mansoni egg viability. Folia Parasitol (Praha) 1994; 41(1): 55–58.
- Arthur RC, Harris R, Russell A et al. A review of schistosomiasis in immigrants in Western Australia, demonstrating the unusual longevity of Schistosoma mansoni. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984; 78(3): 385–388.
- Chabasse D, Bertrand G, Leroux JP et al. Developmental bilharziasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni discovered 37 years after infestation. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1985; 78(5): 643–647.
- Hayashi S, Ohtake H, Koike M. Laparoscopic diagnosis and clinical course of chronic schistosomiasis japonica. Acta Tropica 2000; 77: 133–140.
- Giboda M, Malek EA, Correa R. Human schistosomiasis in Puerto Rico: reduced prevalence rate and absence of Biomphalaria glabrata. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1997; 57: 564–568.
- Giboda M, Engels D, Bergquist NR (eds.). Schistosomiasis in the post-transmission phase. Acta Tropica 2000; 77(1): 1–156.
- Payne D. Practical aspect of the in vivo testing for sensitivity of human plasmodia to antimalarials. WHO/Mal documents, 82 988. World Health Organization, Geneva, 1982.
- Wilson ME, Weld LH, Boggild A et al. Fever in returned travelers: results from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 1560–1568.
- Imwong M, Nguyen TN, Tripura R et al. The epidemiology of subclinical malaria infections in South-East Asia: findings from cross-sectional surveys in Thailand-Myanmar border areas, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Malar J 2015; 30(14): 381.
- Giboda M, Pholsena K, Hongvanthong B et al. Malariometric survey in Keoudom district, Laos: sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarials and automedication with Chloroquine. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1992; 23: 383–388.
- Trape JF, Peelman P, Morault-Peelman B. Criteria for diagnosing clinical malaria among semiimmune population exposed to intense and perennial transmission. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1985; 79: 435–442.
- Giboda M. Biological advantage of Plasmodium falciparum isolate resistant to quinine. Trans R Soc Trop Med. Hyg 1987; 81: 709.
- Arthur RC, Harris R, Russell A et al. A review of schistosomiasis in immigrants in Western Australia, demonstrating the unusual longevity of Schistosoma mansoni. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984; 78(3): 385–388.
- Ralston KS, Petri WA jr. Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica. Trends Parasitol 2011; 27(6): 254–263.
- Trissl DA, Martinez-Palomo MR, Perez de Suárez E. Phagocytosis of human erythrocytes by Entamoeba histolytica. Quantitative study. Arch Invest Med 1978; 9(1): 219–222.
- Talamás-Lara D, Chávez-Munguía B, González-Robles A et al. Erythrophagocytosis in Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar: a comparative study. Biomed Res Int 2014: 626259.
- Giboda M. Intestinal amoebiasis in Takeo province, Cambodia, and notes on its microscopical diagnosis. Bull Inst Marit Trop Med Gdynia 1985; 35(3–4): 187–193.
- Ramos F, Morán P, Gonzáles E et al. Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar infection in rural Mexican Community. Exp Parasitol 2005; 110(3): 327–330.
Štítky
Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain management Dental HygienistČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Journal of Czech Physicians
- Metamizole at a Glance and in Practice – Effective Non-Opioid Analgesic for All Ages
- Advances in the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis on the Horizon
- Metamizole vs. Tramadol in Postoperative Analgesia
- Spasmolytic Effect of Metamizole
- What Effect Can Be Expected from Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis?
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Disorders of vulva and vagina in children and adolescent
- Premature ovarian failure
- Postmenarcheal irregularities in menstrual cycle in adolescent girls
- The differential diagnostic of pelvic pain at children