Does liver fibrosis represent a reversible process?

Česká verzia

Authors: Bittnerová Lenka
Authors place of work: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Lékařská fakulta v Hradci Králové: Ústav lékařské biochemie, přednostka doc. MUDr. Martina Řezáčová, Ph. D.
Published in the journal: Pracov. Lék., 65, 2013, No. 1-2, s. 48-52.
Category: Review Article

Summary

Liver fibrosis if the consequence of most diverse causes or stimuli – it is the consequence chronic liver diseases such as virus hepatitis or autoimmune hepatitis, alcohol abuse, effects of toxins or biliary damage. In occupational pathology we rarely encounter the action of hepatotoxic substances. Necrosis of hepatocytes follows to activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and activation of a whole series of immune cells. HSCs play a principal role in fibrogenesis, produce collagen Type I and other components of extracellular matrix, which are accumulated and stored in liver. HSCs release various profibrogenic cytokines, metalloproteases and inhibitors of matrix-degrading enzymes, which are necessary for the whole process and play a key role there. Experimental studies demonstrated reversibility of the fibrotic process, while a definite possibility to remove superfluous HSCs is to decrease their number by apoptosis. Therefore, induction or influence of HSCs apoptosis is presently a significant strategic-therapeutic and antifibrotic goal. The paper pays attention to etiological aspects, molecular pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and possibility of reversibility.

Keywords:
fibrosis – liver stellate cells – apoptosis – extracellular matrix

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