Hearing loss in men and women working at risk and outside it in the Moravian-Silesian Region
Authors:
M. Kovalová; E. Mrázková; P. Sachová; K. Vojkovská; H. Tomášková; J. Janoutová; V. Janout
Authors place of work:
Ústav epidemiologie a ochrany veřejného zdraví, Lékařská fakulta Ostravské univerzity
vedoucí pracoviště prof. MUDr. Vladimír Janout, CSc.
Published in the journal:
Pracov. Lék., 68, 2016, No. 1-2, s. 12-22.
Category:
Original Papers
Summary
Introduction:
Noise is the most frequent risk factor in the working environment of the Czech Republic as well as in the Moravian-Silesian region in particular. According to statistical data, there are almost 55 thousand men and 6 thousand women working at the noise risk (i.e. 39.9% of all men and 21.6% women working at the workplaces evaluated as risky according to hygienic regulations as). Most of the persons at risk workplaces are employed, in descending order, in the Ostrava, Frýdek-Místek and Karviná districts, respectively.
Objective:
The aim of the work was to compared hearing loss among men and women at risk and outside in the working environment as well as between the sexes.
Methods:
The data for the study were collected in the years 2011–2015 in the Karviná district of Moravian-Silesian region. The study was supported by the grant IGA MZ ČR NT12246-5/2011 (Internal Grant Agency of the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic) named Epidemiological and genetic study of the frequency of hearing defects. The data collected included filling out a non-standardized questionnaire and completion of various kinds of examination. In all, data of 27,722 subjects were collected for the study. It proved to be necessary to eliminate 13,248 subjects for not fulfilling the originally conditions set. Consequently, the cohort was composed of 14,474 probands, 53.3% of them being women and 46.7% men.
Results:
The results indicate the statistically significantly higher hearing loss affected both sexes exposed to noise in the working environment in all age groups with the exception of some frequencies, where a contrary observation was made. In comparison of the average hearing low between men and women at the risk as well as outside in there were significantly higher cases of hearing loss in men compared to women in almost all frequencies in agreement with other studies. In men and women at the noise risk in working environment, there were significant differences in comparing the auditory thresholds at the frequencies measured with higher rates against persons without the noise risk in the working environment.
Conclusion:
Perceptual cochlear defect of hearing cause as an occupational disease proved to exhibit a decreasing tendency since 2009. In 2014, however, significantly more occupational diseases were notified including more perceptual hearing loss caused by noise. In spite of the fact that noise as a risk factor can be prevented well, the deterioration of the auditory threshold in the working environment is still higher than in general population, as also confirmed by results of this study. It is therefore necessary to secure adherence to all principles of prevention at the workplace, especially the use of personal protective tools.
Keywords:
auditory threshold – noise – perceptual cochlear hearing defect
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Štítky
Hygiene and epidemiology Hyperbaric medicine Occupational medicineČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Occupational Medicine
2016 Číslo 1-2
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