Polycystic ovary syndrome and diabetes mellitus

Česká verzia

Authors: Jana Vrbíková
Authors place of work: Oddělení klinické endokrinologie, Endokrinologický ústav, vedoucí oddělení MUDr. Marcela Dvořáková, Ph. D.
Published in the journal: Prakt Gyn 2014; 18(3): 186-189
Category: Gynecology and Obstetrics: Review Article

Summary

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is considered one of the most common endocrinopathies in women of childbearing age. 30 – 80 % of women suffering from PCOS are obese and obesity is often accompanied by hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, even independently of body mass index. Most of the published works have demonstrated an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in women with PCOS. There is 2,89 times higher risk of developing gestational diabetes in women with PCOS comparing to control group. Therefore, it is recommended to perform oral glucose tolerance test. It is highly recommended to begin with lifestyle changes as the first step in treating obese woman with PCOS although there is lack of evidence from controlled trials. If impaired glucose tolerance does not improve, metformin is indicated, but there is lack of data on the use in pregnant women as a prevention of GDM development. PCOS occurs in up to 30% of women with type 1 diabetes and is associated with insulin therapy. The existing pilot studies have demonstrated that metformin is useful in therapy. The combined hormonal contraceptives with non-androgenic gestagens are applied in women who do not want to be pregnant.

Key words:
combined hormonal contraceptives – diabetes mellitus – gestagens – impaired glucose tolerance – metformin – oral glucose tolerance test – polycystic ovary syndrome

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