#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Difficulties of thermographic measurements in medicine


Authors: Vladan Bernard;  Erik Staffa;  Vojtěch Mornstein
Authors place of work: Biofyzikální ústav, Lékařská fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Brno, Česká Republika
Published in the journal: Lékař a technika - Clinician and Technology No. 4, 2012, 42, 5-10

Summary

The infrared thermography imaging is one of possibilities of temperature analyzing. Infrared thermographic imaging is unique in the principle of contacless measurement, so it is often used in medicine and science. The principles of this method lies in the detection of electromagnetic radiation which energy corresponds with temperature of analyzed objects. Using thermographic systems and surface temperature measurements can be affected by some errors. The basic errors include wrong or insufficient assessment of parameters, which affect the temperature of the displayed object. These factors are mirrored temperature, emissivity, and ambient temperature, for example. In the article, we documented effects of these errors and the ways of their elimination.

Keywords:
emissivity, surface temperature, thermal camera, thermographic measurement


Zdroje

[1] Czerny, M.: Über Photographie im Ultraroten 25. Physik, 53, 1929, 1.

[2] Schwamm, E., Reeh, J.: Die Ultrarotstrahlung des Menschen und seine Molekularspektroskopie. Hippokrates, 24, 1953, 737-742.

[3] Hrazdira, I., Maryšková, V.: Termovize - její současný význam pro lékařskou diagnostiku. Lékař a technika, 30 (1), 1999, 117-120.

[4] Wasner, G., Schattschneider, J., Baron, R.: Skin temperature side differences - a diagnostic tool for CRPS? Pain, 98 (1-2), 2002, 19-26.

[5] Feldman, F., Nickoloff, E. L.: Normal thermographic standards for the cervical-spine and upper extremities. Skeletal Radiology, 12 (4), 1984, 235-249.

[6] Uematsu, S.: Thermographic imaging of cutaneous sensory segment in patients with peripheral-nerve injury-skin-temperature stability between sides of the body. Journal of Neurosurgery, 62 (5), 1985, 716-720.

[7] Uematsu, S., Edwin, D. H., Jankel, W. R., Kozikowski, J., Trattner, M.: Quantification of thermal asymmetry. 1. Normal values and reproducibility. Journal of Neurosurgery, 69 (4), 1988, 552-555.

[8] Uematsu, S., Jankel, W. R., Edwin, D. H., Kim, W., Kozikowski, J., Rosenbaum, A., Long, D. M.: Quantification of thermal asymmetry. 2. Application in low-back-pain and sciatica. Journal of Neurosurgery, 69 (4), 1988, 556-561.

[9] Zaproudina, N., Varmavuo, V., Airaksinen, O., Narhi, M.: Reproducibility of infrared thermography measurements in healthy individuals. Physiological Measurement, 29 (4), 2008, 515-524.

[10] Stess, R. M., Sisney, P. C., Moss, K. M., Graf, P. M., Louie, K. S., Gooding, G. A. W., Grunfeld, C.: Use of liquid crystal thermography in the evaluation of the diabetic foot. Diabetes Care, 9 (3), 1986, 267-272.

[11] Boyko, E. J., Ahroni, J. H., Stensel, V., Forsberg, R. C., Davignon, D. R., Smith, D. G.: A prospective study of risk factors for diabetic foot ulcer. The Seattle Diabetic Foot Study. Diabetes Care, 22 (7), 1999, 1036-1042.

[12] Sun, P. C., Lin, H. D., Jao, S. H. E., Ku, Y. C., Chan, R. C., Cheng, C. K.: Relationship of skin temperature to sympathetic dysfunction in diabetic at-risk feet. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 73 (1), 2006, 41-46.

[13] Bharara, M., Cobb, J., Claremont, D.: Thermography and thermometry in the assessment of diabetic neuropathic foot: case for furthering the role of thermal techniques. The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds, 5 (4), 2006, 250-260.

[14] Huang, C. L., Wu, Y. W., Hwang, C. L., Jong, Y. S., Chao, C. L., Chen, W. J., Wu, Y. T., Yang, W. S.: The application of infrared thermography in evaluation of patients at high risk for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 54 (4), 2011, 1074-1080.

[15] Okada, Y., Kawamata, T., Kawashima, A., Hori, T.: Intraoperative application of thermography in extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery. Neurosurgery, 60 (4), 2007, 362.

[16] Lindemann, J., Wiesmiller, K., Keck, T., Kastl, K.: Dynamic nasal infrared thermography in patients with nasal septal perforations. American Journal of Rhinology &# 38; Allergy, 23 (5), 2009, 471-474.

[17] Lewis, G. F., Gatto, R. G., Porges, S. W.: A novel method for extracting respiration rate and relative tidal volume from infrared thermography. Psychophysiology, 48 (7), 2011, 877-887.

[18] Hackforth, H. L.: Infrared radiation. McGraw Hill: New York, 1960, p 303.

[19] Hardy, J. D., Muschenheim, C.: The radiation of heat from the human body. IV. The emission, reflection, and transmission of infra-red radiation by the human skin. J Clin Invest, 13 (5), 1934, 817-31.

[20] Büttner, K.: Über die Wärmestrahlung and die reflexion-seigenshaften der Menschlichen Haut. Strahlentherapie, 58, 1937, 345-360.

[21] Jacquez, J. A., Huss, J., McKeehan, W., Dimitroff, J. M., Kuppenheim, H. F.: Spectral reflectance of human skin in the region 0.7-2.6mu. J Appl Physiol, 8 (3), 1955, 297-9.

[22] Derksen, W. L., Monahan, T. I., Lawes, A. J.: Automatic recording reflectometer for measuring diffuse reflectance in the visible and infrared regions. J. Opt. Soc. Amer., 47, 1957, 995-999.

[23] Buchmüller, K.: Über die ultrarote Emission, Reflexion und Durchlässigkeit der lebenden menschlichen Haut im Spektralbereich λ≈3–15 μm. Pflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, 272 (4),  1961, 360-371.

[24] Gärtner, W., Göpfert, H.: Topographische Untersuchungen über die Strahlungseigenschaften der lebenden menschlichen Haut. Pflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiology, 280 (3), 1964a, 224-235.

[25] Gärtner, W., Ling, K., Göpfert, H.: Über die Abhängigkeit der Temperaturstrahlung der lebenden menschlichen Haut von der Durchblutung. Pflügers Archiv European Journal of Physiolo-gy, 280 (3), 1964b, 236-242.

[26] Mitchell, D., Wyndham, C. H., Hodgson, T.: Emissivity and transmittance of excised human skin in its thermal emission wave band. J Appl Physiol, 23 (3), 1967, 390-4.

[27] Mitchell, D., Wyndham, C. H., Hodgson, T., Nabarro, F. R.: Measurement of the total normal emissivity of skin without the need for measuring skin temperature. Phys Med Biol, 12 (3), 1967, 359-66.

[28] Watmough, D. J., Oliver, R.: Emissivity of Human Skin in vivo between 2.0[micro] and 5.4[micro] measured at Normal Incidence. Nature, 218, 1968, 885-886.

[29] Patil, K. D., Williams, K. L.: Spectral study of human radiation. Nonionizing Radiation, 1, 1954, 39-44.

[30] Steketee, J.: Spectral emissivity of skin and pericardium. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 18 (5), 1973, 686.

[31] Villaseñor-Mora, C., Sánchez-Marin, F. J., Calixto-Carrera, S.: An indirect skin emissivity measurement in the infrared thermal range through reflection of a CO2 laser beam. Revista mexicana de física, 55, 2009, 387-392.

Štítky
Biomedicine
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#