Ovarian Cancer and Body Size: Individual Participant Meta-Analysis Including 25,157 Women with Ovarian Cancer from 47 Epidemiological Studies
Background:
Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe these relationships.
Methods and Findings:
Individual data on 25,157 women with ovarian cancer and 81,311 women without ovarian cancer from 47 epidemiological studies were collected, checked, and analysed centrally. Adjusted relative risks of ovarian cancer were calculated, by height and by body mass index.
Ovarian cancer risk increased significantly with height and with body mass index, except in studies using hospital controls. For other study designs, the relative risk of ovarian cancer per 5 cm increase in height was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.09; p<0.001); this relationship did not vary significantly by women's age, year of birth, education, age at menarche, parity, menopausal status, smoking, alcohol consumption, having had a hysterectomy, having first degree relatives with ovarian or breast cancer, use of oral contraceptives, or use of menopausal hormone therapy. For body mass index, there was significant heterogeneity (p<0.001) in the findings between ever-users and never-users of menopausal hormone therapy, but not by the 11 other factors listed above. The relative risk for ovarian cancer per 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index was 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07–1.13; p<0.001) in never-users and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92–0.99; p = 0.02) in ever-users of hormone therapy.
Conclusions:
Ovarian cancer is associated with height and, among never-users of hormone therapy, with body mass index. In high-income countries, both height and body mass index have been increasing in birth cohorts now developing the disease. If all other relevant factors had remained constant, then these increases in height and weight would be associated with a 3% increase in ovarian cancer incidence per decade.
: Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Vyšlo v časopise:
Ovarian Cancer and Body Size: Individual Participant Meta-Analysis Including 25,157 Women with Ovarian Cancer from 47 Epidemiological Studies. PLoS Med 9(4): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001200
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001200
Souhrn
Background:
Only about half the studies that have collected information on the relevance of women's height and body mass index to their risk of developing ovarian cancer have published their results, and findings are inconsistent. Here, we bring together the worldwide evidence, published and unpublished, and describe these relationships.
Methods and Findings:
Individual data on 25,157 women with ovarian cancer and 81,311 women without ovarian cancer from 47 epidemiological studies were collected, checked, and analysed centrally. Adjusted relative risks of ovarian cancer were calculated, by height and by body mass index.
Ovarian cancer risk increased significantly with height and with body mass index, except in studies using hospital controls. For other study designs, the relative risk of ovarian cancer per 5 cm increase in height was 1.07 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–1.09; p<0.001); this relationship did not vary significantly by women's age, year of birth, education, age at menarche, parity, menopausal status, smoking, alcohol consumption, having had a hysterectomy, having first degree relatives with ovarian or breast cancer, use of oral contraceptives, or use of menopausal hormone therapy. For body mass index, there was significant heterogeneity (p<0.001) in the findings between ever-users and never-users of menopausal hormone therapy, but not by the 11 other factors listed above. The relative risk for ovarian cancer per 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index was 1.10 (95% CI, 1.07–1.13; p<0.001) in never-users and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.92–0.99; p = 0.02) in ever-users of hormone therapy.
Conclusions:
Ovarian cancer is associated with height and, among never-users of hormone therapy, with body mass index. In high-income countries, both height and body mass index have been increasing in birth cohorts now developing the disease. If all other relevant factors had remained constant, then these increases in height and weight would be associated with a 3% increase in ovarian cancer incidence per decade.
: Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Zdroje
1. NewhouseMLPearsonRMFullertonJMBoesenEAMShannonHS 1977 A case-control study of carcinoma of the ovary. Br J Prev Soc Med 31 148 153
2. CasagrandeJTPikeMRossRLouieERoyS 1979 ‘Incessant ovulation’ and ovarian cancer. Lancet 2 170 173
3. McGowanLParentLLednarWNorrisHJ 1979 The woman at risk for developing ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 7 325 344
4. HildrethNGKelseyJLLiVolsiVAFischerDBHolfordTR 1981 An epidemiologic study of epithelial carcinoma of the ovary. Am J Epidemiol 114 398 405
5. ByersTMarshallJGrahamSMettlinCSwansonM 1983 A case-control study of dietary and nondietary factors in ovarian cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 71 681 686
6. TzonouADayNETrichopoulosDWalkerASaliarakiM 1984 The epidemiology of ovarian cancer in Greece: a case-control study. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 20 1045 1052
7. The Cancer Steroid Hormone Study of the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 1987 The reduction in risk of ovarian cancer associated with oral contraceptive use. N Engl J Med 316 650 655
8. WuMLWhittemoreASPaffenbargerRSSarlesDLKampertJB 1988 Personal and environmental characteristics related to epithelial ovarian cancer. I. Reproductive and menstrual events and oral contraceptive use. Am J Epidemiol 128 1216 1227
9. WhittemoreASWuMLPaffenbargerRSJrSarlesDLKampertJB 1988 Personal and environmental characteristics related to epithelial ovarian cancer. II. Exposures to talcum powder, tobacco, alcohol and coffee. Am J Epidemiol 128 1228 1240
10. BoothMBeralVSmithP 1989 Risk factors for ovarian cancer: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 60 592 598
11. FarrowDCWeissNSLyonJLDalingJR 1989 Association of obesity and ovarian cancer in a case-control study. Am J Epidemiol 129 1300 1304
12. HartgePSchiffmanMHHooverRMcGowanLLesherL 1989 A case-control study of epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 10 16
13. ShuXOBrintonLAGaoYTYuanJM 1989 Population-based case-control study of ovarian cancer in Shanghai. Cancer Res 49 3670 3674
14. ParazziniFLa VecchiaCNegriEBoccioloneLFedeleL 1991 Oral contraceptive use and the risk of ovarian cancer: an Italian case-control study. Eur J Cancer 27 594 598
15. RischHAMarrettLDHoweGR 1994 Parity, contraception, infertility and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol 140 585 597
16. RosenbergLPalmerJRZauberAGWarshauerMELewisJLJr 1994 A case-control study of oral contraceptive use and invasive epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol 139 654 661
17. VesseyMPainterR 1995 Endometrial and ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives—findings in a large cohort study. Br J Cancer 71 1340 1342
18. MosgaardBLidegaardOKjaerSSchouGAndersenA 1997 Infertility, fertility drugs, and invasive ovarian cancer: a case-control study. Fertil Steril 67 1005 1012
19. ChiaffarinoFPelucchiCParazziniFNegriEFranceschiS 2001 Reproductive and hormonal factors and ovarian cancer. Ann Oncol 12 337 341
20. McCannSEMoysichKBMettlinC 2001 Intakes of selected nutrients and food groups and risk of ovarian cancer. Nutr Cancer 39 19 28
21. ModanBHartgePHirsh-YechezkelGChetritALubinF 2001 Parity, oral contraceptives, and the risk of ovarian cancer among carriers and noncarriers of a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. New Engl J Med 345 235 240
22. PurdieDMBainCJWebbPMWhitemanDCPirozzoS 2001 Body size and ovarian cancer: case-control study and systematic review (Australia). Cancer Causes Control 12 855 863
23. GoodmanMTWuAHTungKHMcDuffieKKolonelLN 2002 Association of dairy products, lactose and calcium with the risk of ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol 156 148 157
24. KuperHCramerDWTitus-ErnstoffL 2002 Risk of ovarian cancer in the United States in relation to anthropometric measures: does the association depend on menopausal status? Cancer Causes Control 13 455 463
25. RodriguezCCalleEEFakhrabadi-ShokoohiDJacobsEJThunMJ 2002 Body mass index, height, and the risk of ovarian cancer mortality in a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 11 822 828
26. RoyerJBecherHChang-ClaudeJ 2002 Low dose oral contraceptives: protective effect on ovarian cancer risk. Int J Cancer 95 370 374
27. McCannSEFreudenheimJLMarshallJRGrahamS 2003 Risk of human ovarian cancer is related to dietary intake of selected nutrients, phytochemicals and food groups. J Nutr 133 1937 1942
28. SchoutenLJGoldbohmRAvan den BrandtPA 2003 Height, weight, weight change, and ovarian cancer risk in the Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer. Am J Epidemiol 157 424 433
29. AndersonJPRossJAFolsomAR 2004 Anthropometric variables, physical activity, and incidence of ovarian cancer: The Iowa Women's Health Study. Cancer 100 1515 1521
30. BakkenKAlsakerEEggenAELundE 2004 Hormone replacement therapy and incidence of hormone-dependent cancers in the Norwegian women and cancer study. Int J Cancer 112 130 134
31. Graff-IversenSHammarNThelleDSTonstadS 2004 Hormone therapy and mortality during 14-year follow-up of 14324 Norwegian women. J Inter Med 256 1 9
32. KumleMWeiderpassEBraatenTAdamiH-OLundE 2004 Risk of invasive and borderline epithelial ovarian neoplasias following use of hormonal contraceptives: the Norwegian-Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort Study. Br J Cancer 90 1386 1391
33. RimanTDickmanPWNilssonSNordlinderHMagnussonCM 2004 Some life-style factors and the risk of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer in Swedish women. Eur J Epidemiol 19 1011 1019
34. ZhangMLeeAHBinnsCW 2004 Reproductive and dietary risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer in China. Gynecol Oncol 93 320 326
35. PikeMCPearceCLPetersRCozenWWanP 2004 Hormonal factors and the risk of invasive ovarian cancer: a population-based case-control study. Fertil Steril 82 186 195
36. DoodyMMFreedmanDMAlexanderBHHauptmannMMillerJS 2006 Breast cancer in US radiologic technologists. Cancer 106 2707 2715
37. GreerJBModugnoFNessRBAllenGO 2006 Anthropometry and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer 106 2247 2257
38. LaceyJVJrLeitzmannMBrintonLALubinJHShermanME 2006 Weight, height, and body mass index and risk for ovarian cancer in a cohort study. Ann Epidemiol 16 869 876
39. PatelAVRodriguezCPavluckALThunMJCalleEE 2006 Recreational physical activity and sedentary behaviour in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a large cohort of US women. Am J Epidemiol 163 706 716
40. ReevesGKPirieKBeralVGreenJSpencerE 2007 Cancer incidence and mortality in relation to body mass index in the Million Women Study: cohort study. BMJ 335 1134
41. RossingMATangMTFlaggEWWeissLKWicklundKG 2006 Body size and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (United States). Cancer Causes Control 17 713 720
42. BuysSSPartridgeEBlackAJohnsonCCLameratoL 2011 Effect of screening on ovarian cancer mortality: the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA 305 2295 2303
43. SilveraSAJainMHoweGRMillerABRohanTE 2007 Intake of coffee and tea and risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study. Nutr Cancer 58 22 27
44. LeitzmannMFKoebnickCDanforthKNBrintonLAMooreSC 2009 Body mass index and risk of ovarian cancer. Cancer 115 812 822
45. LarssonSCAkessonAWolkA 2009 Long-term dietary acrylamide intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a prospective cohort of Swedish women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 18 994 997
46. KotsopoulosJBaerHJTworogerSS 2010 Anthropometric measures and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: results from the Nurses' Health Study. Obesity 18 1625 1631
47. LahmannPHCustAEFriedenreichCMSchulzMLukanovaA 2010 Anthropometric measures and epithelial ovarian cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 126 2404 2415
48. MillsPKRiordanDGCressRD 2004 Epithelial ovarian cancer risk by invasiveness and cell type in the Central Valley of California. Gynecol Oncol 95 215 225
49. HoyoCBerchuckAHalabiSBentleyRCMoormanP 2005 Anthropometric measurements and epithelial ovarian cancer risk in African-American and White women. Cancer Causes Control 16 955 963
50. PetersonNBTrentham-DietzANewcombPAChenZGebretsadikT 2006 Relation of anthropometric measurements to ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study (United States). Cancer Causes Control 17 459 467
51. OlsenCMNagleCMWhitemanDCPurdieDMGreenAC 2008 Body size and risk of epithelial ovarian and related cancers: a population-based case-control study. Int J Cancer 123 450 456
52. SchoutenLJRiveraCHunterDJSpiegelmanDAdamiHO 2008 Height, body mass index, and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17 902 912
53. Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer 2008 Ovarian cancer and oral contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of data from 45 epidemiological studies including 23,257 women with ovarian cancer and 87,303 controls. Lancet 371 303 314
54. World Health Organization 2000 International classification of diseases for oncology, 3rd edition Geneva World Health Organization
55. PetoRPikeMCArmitagePBreslowNECoxDR 1976 Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design. Br J Cancer 34 585 612
56. PetoRPikeMCArmitagePBreslowNECoxDR 1977 Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples. Br J Cancer 35 1 39
57. EastonDFPetoJBabikerAG 1991 Floating absolute risk: an alternative to relative risk in survival and case-control analysis avoiding an arbitrary reference group. Stat Med 10 1025 1035
58. ColeTJ 2000 Secular trends in growth. Proc Nutr Soc 59 317 324
59. WhitlockGLewingtonSSherlikerPClarkeR Prospective Studies Collaboration 2009 Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900,000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet 373 1083 1096
60. LiuBBalkwillABanksECooperCGreenJ 2007 Relationship of height, weight and body mass index to the risk of hip and knee replacements in middle-aged women. Rheumatology 46 861 867
61. CairnsBJLiuBClennellSCooperRReevesGK 2011 Lifetime body size and reproductive factors: comparisons of data recorded prospectively with self reports in middle age. BMC Med Res Methodol 11 7
62. GarciaJQuintana-DomequeC 2007 The evolution of adult height in Europe: a brief note. Econ Hum Biol 5 340 349
63. AlbanesDWinickM 1988 Are cell number and cell proliferation risk factors for cancer? J Natl Cancer Inst 80 772 774
64. CroweFLKeyTJAllenNEApplebyPNOvervadK 2011 A cross-sectional analysis of the associations between adult height, BMI and serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-1 -2 and -3 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Ann Hum Biol 38 194 202
65. Endogenous Hormones and Breast Cancer Collaborative Group 2003 Body mass index, serum sex hormones, and breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. J Natl Cancer Inst 95 1218 1226
66. AikhionbareFOMehrabiSKumaresanKZavarehMOlatinwoM 2007 Mitochondrial DNA sequence variants in epithelial ovarian tumor subtypes and stages. J Carcinog 6 1
Štítky
Interné lekárstvoČlánok vyšiel v časopise
PLOS Medicine
2012 Číslo 4
- Statinová intolerance
- Očkování proti virové hemoragické horečce Ebola experimentální vakcínou rVSVDG-ZEBOV-GP
- DESATORO PRE PRAX: Aktuálne odporúčanie ESPEN pre nutričný manažment u pacientov s COVID-19
- Metamizol v liečbe pooperačnej bolesti u detí do 6 rokov veku
- Co dělat při intoleranci statinů?
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Induction of Labor versus Expectant Management in Women with Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes between 34 and 37 Weeks: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- The Imperative to Share Clinical Study Reports: Recommendations from the Tamiflu Experience
- Long-Term Exposure to Silica Dust and Risk of Total and Cause-Specific Mortality in Chinese Workers: A Cohort Study
- Prioritizing CD4 Count Monitoring in Response to ART in Resource-Constrained Settings: A Retrospective Application of Prediction-Based Classification