The Coxsackievirus B 3C Protease Cleaves MAVS and TRIF to Attenuate Host Type I Interferon and Apoptotic Signaling
The host innate immune response to viral infections often involves the activation of parallel pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathways that converge on the induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Several viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to attenuate antiviral host signaling by directly interfering with the activation and/or downstream signaling events associated with PRR signal propagation. Here we show that the 3Cpro cysteine protease of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cleaves the innate immune adaptor molecules mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta (TRIF) as a mechanism to escape host immunity. We found that MAVS and TRIF were cleaved in CVB3-infected cells in culture. CVB3-induced cleavage of MAVS and TRIF required the cysteine protease activity of 3Cpro, occurred at specific sites and within specialized domains of each molecule, and inhibited both the type I IFN and apoptotic signaling downstream of these adaptors. 3Cpro-mediated MAVS cleavage occurred within its proline-rich region, led to its relocalization from the mitochondrial membrane, and ablated its downstream signaling. We further show that 3Cpro cleaves both the N- and C-terminal domains of TRIF and localizes with TRIF to signalosome complexes within the cytoplasm. Taken together, these data show that CVB3 has evolved a mechanism to suppress host antiviral signal propagation by directly cleaving two key adaptor molecules associated with innate immune recognition.
Vyšlo v časopise:
The Coxsackievirus B 3C Protease Cleaves MAVS and TRIF to Attenuate Host Type I Interferon and Apoptotic Signaling. PLoS Pathog 7(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001311
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1001311
Souhrn
The host innate immune response to viral infections often involves the activation of parallel pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathways that converge on the induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Several viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to attenuate antiviral host signaling by directly interfering with the activation and/or downstream signaling events associated with PRR signal propagation. Here we show that the 3Cpro cysteine protease of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cleaves the innate immune adaptor molecules mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta (TRIF) as a mechanism to escape host immunity. We found that MAVS and TRIF were cleaved in CVB3-infected cells in culture. CVB3-induced cleavage of MAVS and TRIF required the cysteine protease activity of 3Cpro, occurred at specific sites and within specialized domains of each molecule, and inhibited both the type I IFN and apoptotic signaling downstream of these adaptors. 3Cpro-mediated MAVS cleavage occurred within its proline-rich region, led to its relocalization from the mitochondrial membrane, and ablated its downstream signaling. We further show that 3Cpro cleaves both the N- and C-terminal domains of TRIF and localizes with TRIF to signalosome complexes within the cytoplasm. Taken together, these data show that CVB3 has evolved a mechanism to suppress host antiviral signal propagation by directly cleaving two key adaptor molecules associated with innate immune recognition.
Zdroje
1. O'NeillLA
BowieAG
2007 The family of five: TIR-domain-containing adaptors in Toll-like receptor signalling. Nat Rev Immunol 7 353 364
2. KawaiT
TakahashiK
SatoS
CobanC
KumarH
2005 IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I interferon induction. Nat Immunol 6 981 988
3. MeylanE
CurranJ
HofmannK
MoradpourD
BinderM
2005 Cardif is an adaptor protein in the RIG-I antiviral pathway and is targeted by hepatitis C virus. Nature 437 1167 1172
4. XuLG
WangYY
HanKJ
LiLY
ZhaiZ
2005 VISA is an adapter protein required for virus-triggered IFN-beta signaling. Mol Cell 19 727 740
5. SethRB
SunL
EaCK
ChenZJ
2005 Identification and characterization of MAVS, a mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein that activates NF-kappaB and IRF 3. Cell 122 669 682
6. DixitE
BoulantS
ZhangY
LeeAS
OdendallC
2010 Peroxisomes are signaling platforms for antiviral innate immunity. Cell 141 668 681
7. LiXD
SunL
SethRB
PinedaG
ChenZJ
2005 Hepatitis C virus protease NS3/4A cleaves mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein off the mitochondria to evade innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 17717 17722
8. YangY
LiangY
QuL
ChenZ
YiM
2007 Disruption of innate immunity due to mitochondrial targeting of a picornaviral protease precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104 7253 7258
9. ChenZ
BenureauY
RijnbrandR
YiJ
WangT
2007 GB virus B disrupts RIG-I signaling by NS3/4A-mediated cleavage of the adaptor protein MAVS. J Virol 81 964 976
10. DrahosJ
RacanielloVR
2009 Cleavage of IPS-1 in cells infected with human rhinovirus. J Virol 83 11581 11587
11. LiK
FoyE
FerreonJC
NakamuraM
FerreonAC
2005 Immune evasion by hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease-mediated cleavage of the Toll-like receptor 3 adaptor protein TRIF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102 2992 2997
12. MorensD
MaPM
1995 Human Enterovirus Infections; Rotbart HA, editor.
Washington D.C.
American Society for Microbiology
13. TracyS
ChapmanNM
McManusBM
PallanschMA
BeckMA
1990 A molecular and serologic evaluation of enteroviral involvement in human myocarditis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 22 403 414
14. BowlesNE
RichardsonPJ
OlsenEG
ArchardLC
1986 Detection of Coxsackie-B-virus-specific RNA sequences in myocardial biopsy samples from patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet 1 1120 1123
15. MartinAB
WebberS
FrickerFJ
JaffeR
DemmlerG
1994 Acute myocarditis. Rapid diagnosis by PCR in children. Circulation 90 330 339
16. JinO
SoleMJ
ButanyJW
ChiaWK
McLaughlinPR
1990 Detection of enterovirus RNA in myocardial biopsies from patients with myocarditis and cardiomyopathy using gene amplification by polymerase chain reaction. Circulation 82 8 16
17. WesselyR
KlingelK
KnowltonKU
KandolfR
2001 Cardioselective infection with coxsackievirus B3 requires intact type I interferon signaling: implications for mortality and early viral replication. Circulation 103 756 761
18. DeonarainR
CerulloD
FuseK
LiuPP
FishEN
2004 Protective role for interferon-beta in coxsackievirus B3 infection. Circulation 110 3540 3543
19. NegishiH
OsawaT
OgamiK
OuyangX
SakaguchiS
2008 A critical link between Toll-like receptor 3 and type II interferon signaling pathways in antiviral innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 20446 20451
20. RicherMJ
LavalleeDJ
ShaninaI
HorwitzMS
2009 Toll-like receptor 3 signaling on macrophages is required for survival following coxsackievirus B4 infection. PLoS One 4 e4127
21. KongL
SunL
ZhangH
LiuQ
LiuY
2009 An essential role for RIG-I in toll-like receptor-stimulated phagocytosis. Cell Host Microbe 6 150 161
22. GitlinL
BarchetW
GilfillanS
CellaM
BeutlerB
2006 Essential role of mda-5 in type I IFN responses to polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid and encephalomyocarditis picornavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 8459 8464
23. RebsamenM
MeylanE
CurranJ
TschoppJ
2008 The antiviral adaptor proteins Cardif and Trif are processed and inactivated by caspases. Cell Death Differ 15 1804 1811
24. ScottI
NorrisKL
2008 The mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein, MAVS, is cleaved during apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 375 101 106
25. HuberSA
BuddRC
RossnerK
NewellMK
1999 Apoptosis in coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 887 181 190
26. HenkeA
LaunhardtH
KlementK
StelznerA
ZellR
2000 Apoptosis in coxsackievirus B3-caused diseases: interaction between the capsid protein VP2 and the proapoptotic protein siva. J Virol 74 4284 4290
27. LuoH
ZhangJ
CheungC
SuarezA
McManusBM
2003 Proteasome inhibition reduces coxsackievirus B3 replication in murine cardiomyocytes. Am J Pathol 163 381 385
28. NeznanovN
DragunskyEM
ChumakovKM
NeznanovaL
WekRC
2008 Different effect of proteasome inhibition on vesicular stomatitis virus and poliovirus replication. PLoS One 3 e1887
29. BlomN
HansenJ
BlaasD
BrunakS
1996 Cleavage site analysis in picornaviral polyproteins: discovering cellular targets by neural networks. Protein Sci 5 2203 2216
30. LeeCC
KuoCJ
KoTP
HsuMF
TsuiYC
2009 Structural basis of inhibition specificities of 3C and 3C-like proteases by zinc-coordinating and peptidomimetic compounds. J Biol Chem 284 7646 7655
31. YoneyamaM
KikuchiM
MatsumotoK
ImaizumiT
MiyagishiM
2005 Shared and unique functions of the DExD/H-box helicases RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2 in antiviral innate immunity. J Immunol 175 2851 2858
32. LeiY
MooreCB
LiesmanRM
O'ConnorBP
BergstralhDT
2009 MAVS-mediated apoptosis and its inhibition by viral proteins. PLoS One 4 e5466
33. KaiserWJ
OffermannMK
2005 Apoptosis induced by the toll-like receptor adaptor TRIF is dependent on its receptor interacting protein homotypic interaction motif. J Immunol 174 4942 4952
34. SahaSK
PietrasEM
HeJQ
KangJR
LiuSY
2006 Regulation of antiviral responses by a direct and specific interaction between TRAF3 and Cardif. EMBO J 25 3257 3263
35. FunamiK
SasaiM
OhbaY
OshiumiH
SeyaT
2007 Spatiotemporal mobilization of Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor molecule-1 in response to dsRNA. J Immunol 179 6867 6872
36. FunamiK
SasaiM
OshiumiH
SeyaT
MatsumotoM
2008 Homo-oligomerization is essential for Toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor molecule-1-mediated NF-kappaB and interferon regulatory factor-3 activation. J Biol Chem 283 18283 18291
37. JohnsenIB
NguyenTT
RingdalM
TryggestadAM
BakkeO
2006 Toll-like receptor 3 associates with c-Src tyrosine kinase on endosomes to initiate antiviral signaling. EMBO J 25 3335 3346
38. OshiumiH
MatsumotoM
FunamiK
AkazawaT
SeyaT
2003 TICAM-1, an adaptor molecule that participates in Toll-like receptor 3-mediated interferon-beta induction. Nat Immunol 4 161 167
39. YamamotoM
SatoS
MoriK
HoshinoK
TakeuchiO
2002 Cutting edge: a novel Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adapter that preferentially activates the IFN-beta promoter in the Toll-like receptor signaling. J Immunol 169 6668 6672
40. MeylanE
BurnsK
HofmannK
BlancheteauV
MartinonF
2004 RIP1 is an essential mediator of Toll-like receptor 3-induced NF-kappa B activation. Nat Immunol 5 503 507
41. ChoeSS
DoddDA
KirkegaardK
2005 Inhibition of cellular protein secretion by picornaviral 3A proteins. Virology 337 18 29
42. WesselsE
DuijsingsD
LankeKH
van DoorenSH
JacksonCL
2006 Effects of picornavirus 3A Proteins on Protein Transport and GBF1-dependent COP-I recruitment. J Virol 80 11852 11860
43. SalakoMA
CarterMJ
KassGE
2006 Coxsackievirus protein 2BC blocks host cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3. J Biol Chem 281 16296 16304
44. CampanellaM
de JongAS
LankeKW
MelchersWJ
WillemsPH
2004 The coxsackievirus 2B protein suppresses apoptotic host cell responses by manipulating intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. J Biol Chem 279 18440 18450
45. ZaragozaC
SauraM
PadalkoEY
Lopez-RiveraE
LizarbeTR
2006 Viral protease cleavage of inhibitor of kappaBalpha triggers host cell apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 19051 19056
46. CoyneCB
BergelsonJM
2006 Virus-induced Abl and Fyn kinase signals permit coxsackievirus entry through epithelial tight junctions. Cell 124 119 131
47. KallewaardNL
ZhangL
ChenJW
GuttenbergM
SanchezMD
2009 Tissue-specific deletion of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor protects mice from virus-induced pancreatitis and myocarditis. Cell Host Microbe 6 91 98
Štítky
Hygiena a epidemiológia Infekčné lekárstvo LaboratóriumČlánok vyšiel v časopise
PLOS Pathogens
2011 Číslo 3
- Očkování proti virové hemoragické horečce Ebola experimentální vakcínou rVSVDG-ZEBOV-GP
- Parazitičtí červi v terapii Crohnovy choroby a dalších zánětlivých autoimunitních onemocnění
- Koronavirus hýbe světem: Víte jak se chránit a jak postupovat v případě podezření?
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- A Toxin that Hijacks the Host Ubiquitin Proteolytic System
- Invasive Extravillous Trophoblasts Restrict Intracellular Growth and Spread of
- Blood Meal-Derived Heme Decreases ROS Levels in the Midgut of and Allows Proliferation of Intestinal Microbiota
- Metabolite Cross-Feeding Enhances Virulence in a Model Polymicrobial Infection