Irritable bowel syndrome – diagnosis and treatment

Česká verzia

Authors: J. Ehrmann ¹; K. Urbánek ²
Authors place of work: II. interní klinika – gastro‑enterologická a hepatologická LF UP a FN Olomouc ¹; Ústav farmakologie, LF UP a FN Olomouc ²
Published in the journal: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2014, 16(3): 224-228
Category: Internal Medicine

Summary

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional dyspepsia are the most common functional gut disorders. The main topic of the article is a summary review of the aetiology and pathogenesis of this disease as well as its diagnostic procedures and treatment. Irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by abdomen pain with altered stool frequency or consistency. It is recommended that it be defined and classified according to the Rome III classification. The symptoms are induced by physiological aberrations (like dysmotility and visceral hypersensitivity) or by the mechanisms of the initial inflammation and neuro‑immune interaction. This is also the focus of contemporary research. The aetiology and pathogenesis, however, remain unclear and the therapy of the day remains at the level of decreasing the main symptoms: abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea and psychological factors. Sulpiride, an antagonist of the D1 and D3 receptors, at a dose of 50 or 100 mg 3 times daily should be a first– choice treatment of IBS due to its anxiolytic and analgesic effects. The adverse effects of drugs for the treatment of IBS on the cardiovascular system are discussed in the last part of the article.

Keywords:
irritable bowel syndrome – classification – diagnosis – treatment

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