#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Cardiovascular risk stratification and new serum lipid target levels


Authors: E. Tůmová;  M. Vráblík
Authors place of work: Centrum preventivní kardiologie, III. interní klinika –  klinika endokrinologie a metabolismu 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze
Published in the journal: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2017, 19(3): 152-156

Summary

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and their prevention is one of the cornerstones of today’s preventive medicine. Preventive strategy is based on healthy lifestyle changes and, if required, medication addressing the particular risk factors. Individual cardiovascular risk assessment in each patient must form an integral part of the therapeutic considerations, as it will point towards suitable therapeutic measures aimed at achieving a specific therapeutic target.

Key words:
cardiovascular diseases –  risk factors –  SCORE –  LDL-cholesterol


Zdroje

1. Conroy RM, Pyorala K, Fitzgerald AP et al. Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular dis­ease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J 2003; 24(11): 987– 1003.

2. Cooney MT, Dudina AL, Graham IM. Value and limitations of exist­­ing scores for the as­ses­sment of cardiovascular risk: a review for clinicians. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54(14): 1209– 1227. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2009.07.020.

3. Cooney MT, Dudina A, D'Agostino R et al. Cardiovascular risk estimation systems in primary prevention: do Theky dif­fer? Do they make a dif­ference? Can we see the future? Circulation 2010; 122(3): 300– 310. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.109.852756.

4. Lloyd-Jones DM, Leip EP, Larson MG et al. Prediction of lifetime risk for cardiovascular dis­ease by risk factor burden at 50 years of age. Circulation 2006; 113(6): 791– 798. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.105.548206

5. Mortensen MB, Afzal S, Nordestgaard BG et al. The high-density lipoprotein-adjusted SCORE model worsens SCORE-based risk clas­sification in a contemporary population of 30,824 Europeans: the Copenhagen General Population Study. Eur Heart J 2015; 36(36): 2446– 2453. doi: 10.1093/ eurheartj/ ehv251.

6. Boekholdt SM, Hovingh GK, Mora S. Very low levels of atherogenic lipoproteins and the risk for cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis of statin trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64(5): 485– 494. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2014.02.615.

7. Brugts JJ, Yetgin T, Hoeks SE et al. The benefits of statins in people without established cardiovascular dis­ease but with cardiovascular risk factors: meta-analysis of randomised control­led trials. BMJ 2009; 338: b2376. doi: 10.1136/ bmj.b2376.

8. Can­non CP, Blaz­­ing MA, Giugliano RP. Ezetimibe added to statin ther­apy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015; 372(25): 2387– 2397. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa1410489.

9. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Col­laboration. Ef­ficacy and safety of more intensive lower­­ing of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010; 376(9753): 1670– 1681. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(10)61350-5.

10. Fulcher J, O'Con­nell R, Voysey M et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Col­laboration. Ef­ficacy and safety of LDL-lower­­ing ther­apy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 random­ised trials. Lancet 2015; 385(9976): 1397– 1405. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(14)61368-4.

11. Mihaylova B, Emberson J, Blackwell L et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Col­laborators. The ef­fects of lower­­ing LDL cholesterol with statin ther­apy in people at low risk of vascular dis­ease: meta-analysis of individual data from 27 random­ised trials. Lancet 2012; 380(9841): 581– 590. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(12)60367-5.

12. Hegele RA, Ginsberg HN, Chapman MJ et al. The polygenic nature of hypertriglyceridaemia: implications for definition, dia­gnosis, and management. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2014; 2(8): 655– 666. doi: 10.1016/ S2213-8587(13)70191-8.

13. Mil­ls EJ, Rachlis B, Wu P et al. Primary preventive of cardiovascular mortality and events with statin treatments: a network meta-analysis involv­­ing more than 65,000 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 52(22): 1769– 1781. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2008.08.039.

14. Pedersen TR, Faergeman O, Kastelein JJ et al. High-dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarct­ion: the IDEAL study: a randomized control­led trial. JAMA 2005; 294(19): 2437– 2445.

15. Wright JT Jr., Wil­liamson JD, Whelton PK et al. SPRINT Research Group. A randomized trial of intensit versus standard blood-pres­sure control. N Engl J Med 2015; 373(22): 2103– 2116. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMoa1511939.

16. Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH et al. 2013 ACC/ AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American Col­lege of Cardiology/ American Heart As­sociation Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2014; 129 (25 Suppl 2):S1– S45. doi: 10.1161/ 01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a.

17. Fulcher J, O'Con­nell R, Voysey M et al. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Col­laboration. Ef­ficacy and safety of LDL-lower­­ing ther­apy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 random­ised trials. Lancet 2015; 385(9976): 1397– 1405. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(14)61368-4.

18. Hsia J, MacFadyen JG, Monyak J et al. Cardiovascular event reduction and adverse events among subjects attain­­ing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 50 mg/ dl with rosuvastatin. The JUPITER trial (Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluat­­ing Rosuvastatin). J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57(16): 1666– 1675. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2010.09.082.

Štítky
Paediatric cardiology Internal medicine Cardiac surgery Cardiology
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#