The effect of computerized cognitive training on the improvement of cognitive functions of cognitively healthy elderly

Česká verzia

Authors: R. Zeleníková; R. Bužgová; R. Kozáková; J. Hosáková; K. Bobčíková
Authors place of work: Ústav ošetřovatelství a porodní asistence, LF OU, Ostrava
Published in the journal: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2022; 85(2): 147-154
Category: Review Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccsnn2022147

Summary

The aim of this review is to describe the effects of computerized cognitive training on cognitive functions of cognitively healthy elderly living in a home environment or in a community based on selected studies. To search relevant studies, the following review question was set: Is computerized cognitive training in cognitively healthy elderly living in a home environment or in a community effective for improving cognitive functions? The search was conducted in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Bibliographica Medica Czechoslovaca databases using keywords and their combinations utilizing Boolean operators. Five systematic reviews and 18 original papers were included and further analyzed. The results of the analyzed systematic reviews indicate at least a small to moderate effect of computerized cognitive training on cognitive functions of seniors without cognitive impairment. While some of the analyzed primary studies indicate improvement of cognitive function in the trained areas without effect on other areas, other studies have shown an effect of computerized cognitive training also in other areas, e. g., improvement of visual spatial abilities, working memory, attention, executive functions, and delayed recall. Computerized cognitive training may have benefits in improving cognitive functions of elderly without cognitive impairment.

Keywords:

elderly – training – review – cognition– computers

Zdroje

1. Vepřeková B. Vliv stárnutí na kognitivní funkce a možnosti hodnocení v terénní praxi. Prakt lék 2012; 92(3): 139–144.

2. Masurovsky A. Controlling for placebo effects in computerized cognitive training studies with healthy older adults from 2016-2018: systematic review. JMIR Serious Games 2020; 8(2): e14030. doi: 10.2196/ 14030.

3. Bherer L. Cognitive plasticity in older adults: effects of cognitive training and physical exercise. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2015; 1337: 1–6. doi: 10.1111/ nyas.12682.

4. Bahar-Fuchs A, Clare L, Woods B. Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation for persons with mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer’s or vascular type: a review. Alzheimers Res Ther 2013; 5: 35.

5. Gates NJ, Rutjes AWS, Di Nisio M et al. Computerised cognitive training for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 3: CD012277. doi: 10.1002/ 14651858. CD012277.pub2.

6. Ball K, Berch DB, Helmers KF et al. Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002; 288(18): 2271–2281. doi: 10.1001/ jama.288.18.2271.

7. Orgeta V, McDonald KR, Poliakoff E et al. Cognitive training interventions for dementia and mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 2(2): CD011961. doi: 10.1002/ 14651858. CD011961.pub2.

8. Kueider AM, Parisi JM, Gross AL et al. Computerized cognitive training with older adults: a systematic review. PLoS One 2012; 7(7): e40588. doi: 10.1371/ journal. pone.0040588.

9. Harvey PD, McGurk SR, Mahncke H et al. Controversies in computerized cognitive training. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2018; 3(11): 907–915. doi: 10.1016/ j.bpsc.2018.06.008.

10. Chlupáč M. Počítačový kognitivní trénink. In: Kulišťák P (ed). Klinická neuropsychologie v praxi. 1. vyd. Praha: Univerzita Karlova, Karolinum 2017: 821–830.

11. Gates NJ, Vernooij RW, Di Nisio M et al. Computerised cognitive training for preventing dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 3(3): CD012279. doi: 10.1002/ 14651858. CD012279.pub2.

12. Hill NT, Mowszowski L, Naismith SL et al. Computerized cognitive training in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2017; 174(4): 329–340. doi: 10.1176/ appi.ajp.2016.16030360.

13. Bogdanova Y, Yee MK, Ho VT et al. Computerized cognitive rehabilitation of attention and executive function in acquired brain injury: a systematic review. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2016; 31(6): 419–433. doi: 10.1097/ HTR.0000000000000203.

14. Hwang HF, Chen CY, Wei L et al. Effects of computerized cognitive training and tai chi on cognitive performance in older adults with traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2020; 35(3): 187–197. doi: 10.1097/ HTR.0000000000000533.

15. Cho DR, Lee SH. Effects of virtual reality immersive training with computerized cognitive training on cognitive function and activities of daily living performance in patients with acute stage stroke: A preliminary randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98(11): e14752. doi: 10.1097/ MD.0000000000014752.

16. Vance DE, Fazeli PL, Cheatwood J et al. Computerized cognitive training for the neurocognitive complications of HIV infection: a systematic review. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2019; 30(1): 51–72. doi: 10.1097/ JNC.0000000000000030.

17. Lampit A, Hallock H, Valenzuela M. Computerized cognitive training in cognitively healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effect modifiers. PLoS Medicine 2014; 11(11): e1001756. doi: 10.1371/ journal.pmed.1001756.

18. Bozoki A, Radovanovic M, Winn B et al. Effects of a computer-based cognitive exercise program on agerelated cognitive decline. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2013; 57(1): 1–7. doi: 10.1016/ j.archger.2013.02.009.

19. Bonnechère B, Langley C, Sahakian BJ. The use of commercial computerised cognitive games in older adults: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10(1): 15276. doi: 10.1038/ s41598-020-72281-3.

20. Gates NJ, Rutjes AW, Di Nisio M et al. Computerised cognitive training for 12 or more weeks for maintaining cognitive function in cognitively healthy people in late life. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 2(2): CD012277. doi: 10.1002/ 14651858.CD012277.pub3.

21. Assed MM, Rocca CCA, Garcia YM et al. Memory training combined with 3D visuospatial stimulus improves cognitive performance in the elderly: pilot study. Dement Neuropsychol 2020; 14(3): 290–299. doi: 10.1590/ 1980-57642020dn14-030010.

22. Belchior P, Yam A, Thomas KR et al. Computer and videogame interventions for older adults’ cognitive and everyday functioning. Games Health J 2019; 8(2): 129–143. doi: 10.1089/ g4h.2017.0092.

23. Biel D, Steiger TK, Volkmann T et al. The gains of a 4-week cognitive training are not modulated by novelty. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41(10): 2596–2610. doi: 10.1002/ hbm.24965.

24. Boujut A, Verty LV, Maltezos S et al. Effects of computerized updating and inhibition training in older adults: the actop three-arm randomized double-blind controlled trial. Front Neurol 2020; 11: 606873. doi: 10.3389/ fneur.2020.606873.

25. Buitenweg JIV, Van De Ven RM, Ridderinkhof KR et al. Does cognitive flexibility training enhance subjective mental functioning in healthy older adults? Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2019; 26(5): 688–710. doi: 10.1080/ 13825585.2018.1519106.

26. Cujzek M, Vranic A. Computerized tabletop games as a form of a video game training for old-old. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2017; 24(6): 631–648. doi: 10.1080/ 13825585.2016.1246649.

27. Ghavidel F, Fadardi JS, Gatto NM et al. Feasibility of using a computer-assisted working memory training program for healthy older women. Cogn Process 2020; 21(3): 383–390. doi: 10.1007/ s10339-020-00975-7.

28. Hynes SM. Internet, home-based cognitive and strategy training with older adults: a study to assess gains to daily life. Aging Clin Exp Res 2016; 28(5): 1003–1008. doi: 10.1007/ s40520-015-0496-z.

29. Kim H, Chey J, Lee S. Effects of multicomponent training of cognitive control on cognitive function and brain activation in older adults. Neurosci Res 2017; 124: 8–15. doi: 10.1016/ j.neures.2017.05.004.

30. Maseda A, Millán-Calenti JC, Lorenzo-López L et al. Efficacy of a computerized cognitive training application for older adults with and without memory impairments. Aging Clin Exp Res 2013; 25(4): 411–419. doi: 10.1007/ s40520-013-0070-5.

31. Millán-Calenti JC, Lorenzo T, Núñez-Naveira L et al. Efficacy of a computerized cognitive training application on cognition and depressive symptomatology in a group of healthy older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 61(3): 337–343. doi: 10.1016/ j.archger.2015.08.015.

32. Miller KJ, Dye RV, Kim J et al. Effect of a computerized brain exercise program on cognitive performance in older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2013; 21(7): 655– 663. doi: 10.1016/ j.jagp.2013.01.077.

33. Peretz C, Korczyn AD, Shatil E et al. Computer-based, personalized cognitive training versus classical computer games: a randomized double-blind prospective trial of cognitive stimulation. Neuroepidemiology 2011; 36(2): 91–99. doi: 10.1159/ 000323950.

34. Requena C, Rebok GW. Evaluating Successful Aging in Older People Who Participated in Computerized or Paper-and-Pencil Memory Training: The Memoria Mejor Program. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16(2): 191. doi: 10.3390/ ijerph16020191.

35. Simon SS, Tusch ES, Feng NC et al. Is computerized working memory training effective in healthy older adults? Evidence from a multi-site, randomized controlled trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 65(3): 931–949. doi: 10.3233/ JAD-180455.

36. Yeo PS, Nguyen TN, Ng MPE et al. Evaluation of the implementation and effectiveness of community-based brain-computer interface cognitive group training in healthy community-dwelling older adults: randomized controlled implementation trial. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5(4): e25462. doi: 10.2196/ 25462.

37. West RK, Rabin LA, Silverman JM et al. Short-term computerized cognitive training does not improve cognition compared to an active control in non-demented adults aged 80 years and above. Int Psychogeriatr 2020; 32(1): 65–73. doi: 10.1017/ S1041610219000267.