Malignant tumours of thyroid gland in children
Authors:
B. Uhliarová 1,2; G. Bugová 1; M. Čiljaková 3; A. Hajtman 1
Authors place of work:
Klinika otorinolaryngológie a chirurgie hlavy a krku, UK JLF a UN, Martinprednosta prof. MUDr. A. Hajtman, PhD.
1; Oddelenie otorinolaryngológie, FNsP F. D. Roosevelta, Banská Bystrica
primár MUDr. M. Švec3Klinika detí a dorastu, UK JLF a UN, Martin
prednosta prof. MUDr. P. Bánovčin, CSc.
2
Published in the journal:
Čes-slov Pediat 2015; 70 (1): 14-19.
Category:
Original Papers
Summary
Background:
Thyroid nodules are less common among children than among adults. In contrast, thyroid nodules are more often malignant in childhood than in adulthood: in children 26% of thyroid nodules are malignant, while in adults the corresponding value is 5–10%.
Methods:
The authors retrospectively analyzed the pediatric patients that were surgically treated for thyroid disease at the Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery CU JMF in Martin between 2006–2013. Incidence of malignant disease, indications for surgery and its complications were evaluated.
Results:
A total of 1745 patients were surgically treated for thyroid disease at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Teaching Hospital in Martin, Slovakia from the 1st of January 2006 to the 31st of December 2013. There were 125 patients (7%) in pediatric age goup. Malignant tumours were identified in 26 children (21%). Incidence of malignant tumours was significantly higher in younger children (below 10 years) (p=0.026). Solitary node of thyroid gland was the most often indication for surgery (69 children, 55%), that was caused by malignancy in 15 children (22%). Lymph node enlargement was first sign of malignant disease in 4 children. All children were treated surgically by total thyroidectomy. Lymphadenectomy of central and lateral neck compartment was performed in 28% of children. Postoperative hypocalcaemia was detected in 4 children. Unilateral transient palsy of laryngeal recurrent nerve was present in 1 child. Permanent complications of thyroid surgery were not observed.
Conclusion:
Total thyroidectomy is the method of choice in the treatment of malignant tumour of thyroid gland. It is a safe operation with a low incidence of complication. If the lymphatic nodes are affected, the dissection of lymphatic node is indicated.
Key words:
malignant tumour, thyroid gland, children, diagnosis, therapy
Zdroje
1. Niedziela M. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of thyroid nodules in children. Endocr Relat Cancer 2006; 13: 427.
2. Corrias A, Mussa A. Thyroid nodules in pediatrics: Which ones can be left alone, which ones must be investigated, when and how. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2013; 5 (Suppl 1): 57–69.
3. Dušková J. Nový systém pro sjednocené hodnocení tenkojehlových aspiračních biopsií štítné žlázy – Bethesda 2010. Cesk Patol 2011; 47 (1): 8–14
4. Halac I, Zimmerman D. Thyroid nodules and cancers in children. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2005; 34: 725–744.
5. Dean DS, Gharib H. Epidemiology of thyroid nodules. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 22: 901–911.
6. Corrias A, Mussa A, Baronio F, et al. Diagnostic features of thyroid nodules in pediatrics. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2010; 164: 714–719.
7. Janoušek P, Kabelka Z, Betka J, et al. Chirurgická léčba maligních nádorů štítné žlázy u dĕtí. Otorinolaryngol Foniat 2006; 55: 168–173.
8. Jackson MB, Guttenberg M, Hedrick H, Moshang T Jr. Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A in a kindred with C634Y mutation. Pediatrics 2005; 116 (3): 468–671.
9. Massa G, Jaenen N, de Varebeke SJ, et al. Solitary thyroid nodule as presenting symptom of Pendred syndrome caused by a novel splice-site mutation in intron 8 of the SLC26A4 gene. Eur J Pediatr 2003; 162 (10): 674–677.
10. Jarzab B, Handkiewicz-Junak D, Wloch I. Juvenile differentiated carcinoma and the role of radioiodine in its treatment: a qualitative review. Endocr Relat Cancer 2005; 12: 773–803.
11. Sigurdson AJ, Ronckers CM, Mertens AC, et al. Primary thyroid cancer after a first tumors in childhood (the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study): a nested case control study. Lancet 2005; 365: 2014–2023.
12. Duffy BJ Jr, Fitzgerald PJ. Thyroid cancer in childhood and adolescence; a report on 28 cases. Cancer 1950; 3: 1018–1032.
13. Rabes HM, Demidchik EP, Sidorow JD, et al. Pattern of radiation-induced RET and NTRK1 rearrangements in 191 post-chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinomas: biological, phenotypic, and clinical implications. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 1093–1103.
14. Nikiforov Y, Gnepp DR. Pediatric thyroid cancer after the Chernobyl disaster. Pathomorphological study of 84 cases (1991–1992) from the Republic of Belarus. Cancer 1994; 74: 748–766.
15. Pacini F, Vorontsova T, Demidchik EP, et al. Post-Chernobyl thyroid carcinoma in Belarus children and adolescents: comparison with naturally occurring thyroid carcinoma in Italy and France. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 3563–3569.
16. Cohen A, Rovelli A, Merlo DF, et al. Risk for secondary thyroid carcinoma after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: an EBMT Late Effects Working Party Study. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 2449–2454.
17. Venhačova J. Uzly ve štítné žláze. Pediatrie pro praxi 2002; 3: 122–123.
18. Wartofsky L, Van Nostrand D (Eds). Thyroid Cancer. A Comprehensive Guide to Clinical Management. Totowa: Humana Press, 2006: 1–709.
19. Koibuchi H, Omoto K, Fukushima N, et al. Coexistence of papillary thyroid cancer and Hashimoto thyroiditis in children: report of 3 cases. J Ultrasound Med 2014; 33 (7): 1299–1303.
20. Anand A, Singh KR, Kushwaha JK, et al. Papillary thyroid cancer and Hashimoto‘s thyroiditis: An association less understood. Indian J Surg Oncol 2014; 5 (3): 199–204.
21. Piciu D, Piciu A, Irimie A. Thyroid cancer in children: a 20-year study at a Romanian oncology institute. Endocr J 2012; 59 (6): 489–496.
22. Grigsby PW, Gal-or A, Michalski JM, Doherty GM. Childhood and adolescent thyroid carcinoma. Cancer 2002; 95: 724–729.
23. Peli M, Capalbo E, Lovisatti M, et al. Ultrasound guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules: guidelines and recommendations vs clinical practice; a 12–month study of 89 patients. J Ultrasound 2012; 15: 102–107.
24. Jamil F, McNally RJ, Richardson D, et al. High likelihood of malignancy in young patients presenting with a thyroid nodule in Northern England. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2013; 79 (2): 294–295.
25. Saavedra J, Deladoëy J, Saint-Vil D, et al. Is ultrasonography useful in predicting thyroid cancer in children with thyroid nodules and apparently benign cytopathologic features? Horm Res Paediatr 2011; 75 (4): 269–275.
26. Brychta I. Papilárny karcinóm štítnej žľazy – kontroverzie pokračujú. Slov chir 2012; 9 (3): 98–101.
27. Podoba J, Králik R, Borovičová F, a kol. Štandardné postupy v manažmente karcinómu štítnej žľazy v Onkologickom ústave sv. Alžbety v Bratislave. Onkológia (Bratisl) 2008; 3 (3): 152–163.
28. Králik R, Straka V, Marek V, a kol. Centrálna krčná disekcia lymfatických uzlín v liečbe diferencovaného karcinómu štítnej žľazy – naše skúsenosti. Rozhl Chir 2008; 87 (3): 149–153.
29. Carling T, Carty SE, Ciarleglio MM, et al. American thyroid association. Surgical affairs committee. American thyroid association design and feasibility of a prospective randomized controlled trial of prophylactic central lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Thyroid 2012; 22 (3): 237–244.
30. Moo TA, McGill J, Allendorf J, et al. Impact of prophylactic central neck lymph node dissection on early recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma. World J Surg 2010; 34 (6): 1187–1191.
31. Zetoune T, Keutgen X, Buitrago D, et al. Prophylactic central neck dissection and local recurrence in papillary thyroid cancer: a meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17 (12): 3287–3293.
32. Forest VI, Clark JR, Ebrahimi A, et al. Central compartment dissection in thyroid papillary carcinoma. Ann Surg 2011; 253 (1): 123–130.
Štítky
Neonatology Paediatrics General practitioner for children and adolescentsČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Czech-Slovak Pediatrics
2015 Číslo 1
- What Effect Can Be Expected from Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis?
- The Importance of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Administration to Diabetics with Gingivitis
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Rhabdomyolysis after heavy physical exercise at the fithess center
- Primary Care Paediatricians (PCP) and their options in providing services to newborns, infants, children and adolescent patients
- Renal cysts and diabetes syndrome
- Malignant tumours of thyroid gland in children