Noninvasive ventilation in intensive care

Česká verzia

Authors: I. Herold
Authors place of work: Primář: MUDr. Ivan Herold, CSc. ; Anesteziologicko-resuscitační oddělení, Oblastní nemocnice Mladá Boleslav, a. s.
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2008; 88(9): 506-511
Category: Various Specialization

Summary

Noninvasive ventilation is a form of positive pressure ventilation through a mask/helmet that in many indications decreases the frequency of iatrogenic complications associated with endotracheal intubation, shortens length of hospital stay, and leads to economic savings. An appropriate indication, adequate timing, and correct choice of mask, ventilator and ventilation regime are all critical for its success. Many details of nursing management are also important. The major indication group includes exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiac lung oedema. The initial phase of noninvasive ventilation requires careful nursing and attention has to be paid to diligent training of the method. Patients on NIV are to be carefully monitored during the first hours in order to detect early signs of the method’s failure. In such a case, immediate intubation and invasive ventilation is indicated. The article reviews the classification of indications according to criteria of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM).

Key words:
Noninvasive ventilation, intubation, mask, cardiac lung oedema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, EBM criteria.

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