Importance of blood count for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome

Česká verzia

Authors: J. Vondráková ¹; J. Zapletalová ²; J. Indráková ¹; K. Indrák ¹
Authors place of work: Hemato-onkologická klinika Fakultní nemocnice a Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého, Olomouc Přednosta: prof. MUDr. Karel Indrák, DrSc. ¹; Ústav lékařské biofyziky, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého, Olomouc Přednostka: doc. RNDr. Hana Kolářová, CSc. ²
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2009; 89(6): 324-327
Category: Diagnostis

Summary

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal haematopoietic disorder characterised by dysplastic bone marrow. It manifests as mono-, bi- or pancytopenia in peripheral blood and eventually can progress to leukaemia. The first important laboratory assessment on suspicion of MDS, to enable the differential diagnosis of this syndrome is full blood count (CBC), based on which, other specialised tests are indicated to confirm diagnosis of MDS. The careful evaluation of all parameters of blood count can contribute to rapid estimation of MDS prognosis.

The aim of the retrospective analysis of 100 MDS patients examined within the period from 2000–2008 at the Haemato-oncology Department of the University Hospital, Olomouc was to evaluate the initial parameters of blood count for the risk of leukaemia development and overall survival (OS). Statistically significant unfavourable prognostic factors for OS showed thrombopenia, neutropenia, presence of blast cells in peripheral blood, peripheral blast cells ≥ 5 % and low platelet mass. The favourable factors were macrocytosis and lymphocytopenia. The level of haemoglobin (Hb), MPV and RDW were not shown as statistically significant for the prognosis. The risk factors of leukaemia development were thrombopenia, low or normal platelet mass, normal or low MCV, presence of blasts cells in peripheral blood, neutropenia, and lymphocytosis. Another parameters of CBC (Hb, RDW, MPV) were not statistically significant for leukaemia development in our group. This analysis confirms the importance of CBC not only as a basic diagnostic laboratory test but also as a prognostic indicator for MDS patients.

Key words:
myelodysplastic syndrome, blood count (CBC), prognostic factors, risk of leukaemia development.

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