Basal cell carcinoma of the skin – the most important risk and prognostic parameters of disease in clinical practice

Česká verzia

Authors: V. Bartoš ¹; K. Adamicová ²; M. Kullová ³; M. Péč ⁴
Authors place of work: Oddelenie patologickej anatómie FNsP v Žiline Vedúci: MUDr. Dušan Pokorný ¹; Ústav patologickej anatómie JLF UK a MFN v Martine Vedúci: prof. MUDr. Lukáš Plank, CSc. ²; Oddelenie dermatovenerológie FNsP v Žiline Primárka: MUDr. Milada Kullová ³; Ústav lekárskej biológie Jesseniovej lekárskej fakulty UK v Martine Vedúci: doc. MUDr. Martin Péč, Ph. D., mim. prof. JLF UK ⁴
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2010; 90(3): 160-166
Category: Of different specialties

Summary

Basal cell carcinoma of the skin (BCC) is currently the most common cancer in humans, the incidence of which is also continuously rising throughout the world. In fact, this cancer represents a spectrum of several tumour subtypes, which differ in histomorphological picture and biological behaviour. Although BCC is usually not life-threatening and rarely forms metastases, it demonstrates a very adverse clinical outcome with a poor prognosis in certain cases. Overall prognosis of disease depends on several clinico-morphological parameters including tumour size, histological variant, body localisation, depth of infiltration, character of macroscopically visible tumour margins, findings of perineural and perivascular invasion, appearance of carcinoma on skin sites after previous irradiation, presence of recurrent tumours, and immunological status of patient.

Based on the present parameters, allocation of patients into the prognostic groups can improve individual management and allow selection of the most appropriate therapeutic strategy to reduce the risk of disease recurrence and its associated morbidity. Therefore, a careful assessment of both individual patient’s factors and certain tumour-specific indicators are key to the diagnostic process.

Information about the biological behaviour of BCC and classification of individuals into low-risk and high-risk subgroups is important in clinical practice to set up a further treatment plan. Recently, there have been increasing demands for the creation of classification systems, that would not be based just on the spectrum of histomorphological findings of carcinoma, but that would also constitute individual prognostic and predictive parameters of disease.

Key words:
basal cell carcinoma, prognostic and predictive parameters.

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