Probiotics from the view of general practitioner – bacteria species used as a probiotics, their effect, safety and dosage

Česká verzia

Authors: D. Mazánková; S. Kotásková
Authors place of work: Ústav aplikované farmacie ; Přednosta: doc. ing. Jiří Dohnal, CSc., MBA ; Farmaceutická fakulta Veterinární a farmaceutické Univerzity, Brno
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2011; 91(10): 586-589
Category: Various Specialization

Summary

The authors of this article deal with the question of probiotics, namely particular bacteria species used as a probiotics and their further use in clinical practice. Bacteria species used as a probiotics classify into two basic groups.

1. First group are bacteria of lactic fermentation. There are three kinds of them:

– Bifidobacterium,

– Lactobacillus, a

– Lactococcus.

2. In the second group there are probiotic organisms like non-pathogenic isolate

– Escherichia coli,

– Clostridium butyricum, or

– Saccharomyces boulardii.

The mechanism of probiotic effect consists in production of substances (able to inhibit bacteria) or ability to adhere to intestinal epithelium and protect adhesion sites against potential pathogenic bacteria by competitive inhibition. Next mechanism is use of nutrients by those bacteria, which would be otherwise consumed by pathogenic microorganisms. Probiotic bacteria participate in creation of vitamins and influence positively absorption of minerals (especially calcium) or function of bowel.

In comparison with other therapeutic procedures, the safety of probiotic therapy is high. Except a few cases of bacteraemia no adverse effects appeared. Minimum daily dose of probiotic preparation for successful effect is in range of 10⁸ – 10¹⁰ CFU (concentration of colonies).

Key words:
probiotics, Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus.

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