Trends and correlates of overweight and obesity in Czech adolescents in relation to socioeconomic status of their families between 2002–2014
Authors:
E. Sigmund 1; J. Voráčová 1; J. Vokáčová 1; V. Hobza JR. 2; P. Baďura 1; D. Sigmundová 1
Authors place of work:
Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
Fakulta tělesné kultury
Institut aktivního životního stylu
Vedoucí: prof. PhDr. Karel Frömel, DrSc.
1; Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci
Fakulta tělesné kultury
Katedra rekreologie
Vedoucí: Mgr. Zdeněk Hamřík, Ph. D.
2
Published in the journal:
Prakt. Lék. 2017; 97(4): 174-182
Category:
Of different specialties
Summary
Objective:
The main objective of the study was to describe trends in overweight and obesity in Czech adolescents in relation with socioeconomic status (SES) of families between 2002 and 2014 and find out how correlates of overweight/obesity (gender, age, physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST)) vary among adolescents from families with a different SES.
Methods:
For the cross-sectional study, representative samples of Czech adolescents (9,382 girls and 8,868 boys aged 10.5 to 16.5 years) from the international Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study were selected in 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 using a standardized self-reported questionnaire and in accordance with the rules of the binding research protocol. The SES was derived from responses relating to family ownership and the number of cars, computers, bathrooms, dishwashers, their own children's room, and foreign family holidays. Overweight/obesity was calculated from the body weight and height according to the age-differentiated percentile body mass index charts. Trends in overweight/obesity prevalence were analysed by logistic regression analysis. Differences in overweight/obesity prevalence among individual SES categories of adolescents were detected using Chi-square.
Results:
The highest significant (p < 0.001) increase in overweight/obesity prevalence between 2002 and 2014 was revealed in boys from low (+9.3 p.p.: 19.7%2002 → 29%2014) and middle (+6.9 p.p.: 18%2002 → 24.9%2014) SES and girls from middle SES families (+5.1 p.p.: 6.5%2002 → 11.6%2014). However, among all girls (or boys), overweight/obesity was found more frequently in low SES categories than in high SES categories in all years of data collection (2002, 2006 and 2014). In 2014, the prevalence of obesity/obesity among girls and boys from low SES families was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of girls and boys from high SES families. Regardless of SES, there is a lower chance of overweight/obesity in girls than in boys (p < 0.001), older adolescents than those aged 11 years (p < 0.001) and in 2002 than in 2014 (p < 0.05). However, at least 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.56-0.86, p < 0.01) and less than 2 hours of daily screen time (OR = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.44-0.84; p < 0.01) are associated with significant reduction in risk of overweight/obesity only among adolescents from high SES families.
Conclusions:
High rates of overweight/obesity and poor level of daily moderate-to-vigorous PA among adolescents from low SES provide a disturbing evidence highlighting necessity of public health efforts to implement obesity-reduction interventions for this economically disadvantaged population.
Keywords:
trends – overweight/obesity – physical activity – screen time – socioeconomic status
Zdroje
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Štítky
General practitioner for children and adolescents General practitioner for adultsČlánok vyšiel v časopise
General Practitioner
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