Exercise in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Česká verzia

Authors: D. Líška; J. Sýkora
Authors place of work: Vedúci: doc. PaedDr. Jiří Michal, PhD. ; Filozofická fakulta ; Katedra telesnej výchovy a športu ; Univerzita Mateja Bela v Banskej Bystrici
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2020; 100(5): 221-224
Category: Reviews

Summary

Hypoactivity leads to an increased risk of chronic diseases. Reduced physical activity leads to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome and obesity. Metabolic syndrome and obesity also lead to a higher prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lifestyle changes including optimal nutrition and increased physical activity are key aims in the treatment of NAFLD patients. Sedentary lifestyle and hypoactivity lead to an increased risk of developing NAFLD. Increasing physical activity through exercise that is characterized by planned, structured and repeated physical activity with specific intensity, frequency and duration has beneficial effects on NAFLD. An important effect of exercise is to reduce weight and intrahepatic fat. The mechanism of action of the exercise can also be explained by improving insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and affecting myokines. The most commonly applied forms of exercise include aerobic exercise, strength exercise and high-intensity interval type of exercise

Keywords:

non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – NAFLD – exercise

Zdroje

1. Arias-Loste MT, Ranchal I, Romero-Gómez M, Crespo J. Irisin, a link among fatty liver disease, physical inactivity and insulin resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15(12): 23163–23178.

2. Bacchi E, Negri C, Targher G, et al. Both resistance training and aerobic training reduce hepatic fat content in type 2 diabetic subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (the RAED2 Randomized Trial). Hepatology 2013; 58(4): 1287–1295.

3. Beňuš P, Kováč J, Gurín D, Líška D. Využitie špeciálneho konceptu vo fyzioterapii. Rehabilitácia 2019; 56(3): 175–185.

4. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, et al. A PGC1-a-dependent myokiner that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012: 481(7382): 463–468.

5. Brandt N, Gunnarsson TP, Bangsbo J, Pilegaard H. Exercise and exercise training-induced increase in autophagy markers in human skeletal muscle. Physiol Rep 2018; 6(7): e13651. doi:10.14814/phy2.13651

6. Brouwers B, Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Jelenik T, et al. Exercise training reduces intrahepatic lipid content in people with and people without nonalcoholic fatty liver. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 314(2): E165–E173.

7. Cuthbertson DJ, Shojaee-Moradie F, Sprung VS, et al. Dissociation between exercise-induced reduction in liver fat and changes in hepatic and peripheral glucose homoeostasis in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Sci (London) 2016; 130(2): 93–104.

8. Čelko J, Gúth A, Malay M, Mašán J. Chronická bolesť a jej ovplynenie cvičením. Rehabilitácia 2020; 57(1): 3–20.

9. Eckard C, Cole R, Lockwood J, et al. Prospective histopathologic evaluation of lifestyle modification in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized trial. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2013; 6(4): 249–259.

10. Fedelešová M, Kupčová V, Szántová M, a kol. Možnosti použitia neinvazívnych metód pri nealkoholovej tukovej chorobe pečene. Gastroent Hepatol 2017; 71(4): 325–332.

11. Golabi P, Locklear CT, Austin P, et al. Effectiveness of exercise in hepatic fat mobilization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(27): 6318–6327.

12. Guo R, Liong EC, So KF, et al. Beneficial mechanisms of aerobic exercise on hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2015; 14(2): 139–144.

13. Hainer V. Kombinovaná farmaka v léčbě obezity: minulost a současnost. Prakt. Lék. 2017; 97(3): 109–116.

14. Hallsworth K, Thoma C, Hollingsworth KG, et al. Modified high-intensity interval training reduces liver fat and improves cardiac function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Sci (London) 2015; 129(12): 1097–1105.

15. Haus JM, Solomon TP, Kelly KR, et al. Improved hepatic lipid composition following short-term exercise in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(7): E1181–E1188.

16. Jia GY, Han T, Gao L, et al. Effect of aerobic exercise and resistance exercise in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2018; 26(1): 34–41.

17. Jin YJ, Kim KM, Hwang S, et al. Exercise and diet modification in non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: analysis of biopsies of living liver donors. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 27(8): 1341–1347.

18. Johnson NA, Keating SE, George J. Exercise and the liver: implications for therapy in fatty liver disorders. Semin Liver Dis 2012; 32(1): 65–79.

19. Katsagoni CN, Georgoulis M, Papatheodoridis G, et al. Effects of lifestyle interventions on clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis. Metabolism 2017; 68: 119–132.

20. Keating SE, George J, Johnson NA. The benefits of exercise for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9(10): 1247–1250.

21. Kelly KR, Blaszczak A, Haus JM, et al. A 7-d exercise program increases high-molecular weight adiponectin in obese adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2012; 44(1): 69–74.

22. Marchesini G, Petta S, Dalle Grave R. Diet, weight loss, and liver health in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathophysiology, evidence, and practice. Hepatology 2016; 63(6): 2032–2043.

23. Míková I, Erhartová D, Dvořáková K, a kol. Vývoj inzulinové rezistence po transplantaci jater – prospektivní studie. Gastroent Hepatol 2019; 73(4): 287–295.

24. Paldusová M, Hříbek P, Kasalický M, Urbánek P. Nealkoholové ztukovatění jater u pacientů podstupujících bariatrický výkon v ÚVN Praha. Prakt. Lék. 2019; 99(5): 205–209.

25. Petriková Rosinová I, Shtin Banarová P, Korcová J. Severská chôdza ako vhodná liečebná aktivita u pacientov s diagnózou diabetes mellitus. Rehabilitácia 2018; 55(2): 128–136.

26. Promrat K, Kleiner DE, Niemeier HM, et al. Randomized controlled trial testing the effects of weight loss on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2010; 51(1): 121–129.

27. Rezende RE, Duarte SM, Stefano JT, et al. Randomized clinical trial: benefits of aerobic physical activity for 24 weeks in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Menopause 2016; 23(8): 876–883.

28. Serviddio G, Bellanti F, Vendemiale G, Altomare E. Mitochondrial dysfunction in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 5(2): 233–244.

29. Schrauwen-Hinderling VB, Kooi ME, Hesselink MK, et al. Impaired in vivo 608 mitochondrial function but similar intramyocellular lipid content in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and BMI-matched control subjects. Diabetologia 2007; 50(1): 113–120.

30. Sigmund E, Baďura P, Sigmundová D. Nadváha a obezita dětí ve vztahu k pohybové aktivitě a nadměrné tělesné hmotnosti jejich rodič. Prakt. Lék. 2020; 100(2): 83–87.

31. Skladaný Ľ, Adamcová-Selčanová S, Malec V, a kol. Hepatocelulárny karcinóm na strednom Slovensku – analýza kohorty 207 pacientov v nemocnici 3. stupňa. Gastroent Hepatol 2018; 72(2): 99–107.

32. van der Windt DJ, Sud V, Zhang H, et al. The effects of physical exercise on fatty liver disease. Gene Expr 2018; 18(2): 89–101.

33. Whitsett M, vanWagner LB. Physical activity as a treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review. World J Hepatol 2015; 7(16): 2041–2052.

34. Zelber-Sagi S, Buch A, Yeshua H, et al. Effect of resistance training on non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease a randomized-clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(15): 4382–4392.