Refeeding syndrome
Authors:
MUDr. Stanislav Ševela; MUDr. Ph.D. František Novák; prof. MUDr. DrSc. Antonín Kazda; MUDr. Ph.D. Helena Brodská
Authors place of work:
IV. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze
1; Ústav lékařské biochemie a laboratorní diagnostiky 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze
2
Published in the journal:
Čas. Lék. čes. 2016; 155: 88-94
Category:
Review Articles
Summary
Despite being known more than 60 years, refeeding syndrome (RS) still bears many uncertainties. For example, its definition is not clear and definite, and the attitude to it varies from the complete neglect to over-prevention.
The term "refeeding syndrome" refers to electrolyte and metabolic changes occurring in malnourished patients after the readministration of nutrition. These changes concern especially to phosphates and ions. Potassium, magnesium, naturism and fluids balance are involved. The changes lead to cell energetic metabolism and electric potential disturbances, with related clinical symptoms.
Fully developed refeeding syndrome is quite rare; nevertheless it can be fatal for the patient. However, even its development can lead to many complications increasing the patient's morbidity and the length of stay in the hospital. Yet the refeeding syndrome is more or less predictable and if kept in mind also preventable.
The aim of this article is to get the reader to know more about this metabolic phenomenon and possible attitudes towards it.
Keywords:
malnutrition, realimentation, hypophosphataemia, refeeding syndrome
Zdroje
1. Rio A, Whelan K, Goff L et al. Occurrence of refeeding syndrome in adults started on artificial nutrition support: prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2013 Jan 11; 3(1); pii: e002173; doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002173.
2. Boateng AA, Sriram K, Mequid MM, Crook M. Refeeding syndrome: treatment considerations based on collective analysis of literature case reports. Nutrition 2010; 26(2): 156–167.
3. de Andrade Viana L, Burgos MG, de Andrade Silva R. Refeeding syndrome: clinical and nutritional relevance. Arq Bras Cir Dig 2012; 25(1): 56–59.
4. Skipper A. Refeeding syndrome or refeeding hypophosphatemia: a systematic review of cases. Nutr Clin Pract 2012; 27(1): 34–40.
5. Mehanna H, Nankivell PC, Moledina J, Travis J. Refeeding syndrome – awareness, prevention and management. Head Neck Oncol 2009 Jan 26; 1: 4; doi: 10.1186/1758-3284-1-4.
6. Solomon SM, Kirby DF. The refeeding syndrome: a review. JPEN JParenter Enteral Nutr 1990; 14(1): 90–97.
7. Khan LU, Ahmed J, Khan S, Macfie J. Refeeding syndrome: a literature review. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2011;pii: 410971; doi: 10.1155/2011/410971.
8. Berg JM, Stryer L. Food intake and starvation induce metabolic changes. In: Biochemistry. W. H. Freeman, New York, 2002.
9. Alden SB et al. Left ventricular function in malnutrition. Am J Physiol 1987; 253(2 Pt 2): H380–H387.
10. Institute of Medicine (US) Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. Dietary reference intakes for calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin D, and fluoride. National Academies Press, Washington (DC), 1997.
11. Winston AS. The clinical biochemistry of anorexia nervosa. Ann Clin Biochem 2012; 49(Pt 2): 132–143.
12. Terlevich A, Hearing SD, Woltersdorf WW et al. Refeeding syndrome: effective and safe treatment with Phosphates Polyfusor. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003; 17(10): 1325–1329.
13. Jabor A. Vnitřní prostředí. Grada Publishing, Praha, 2008, s. 45–68.
14. Huang CL, Kuo E. Mechanism of hypokalemia in magnesium deficiency. J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 18(10): 2649–2652.
15. Manzanares W, Hardy G. Thiamine supplementation in the critically ill. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2011; 14(6): 610–617.
16. DeFronzo RA, Cooke CR, Andres R et al. The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man. J Clin Invest 1975; 55(4): 845–855.
17. Shimizu K, Ogura H, Wasa M et al. Refractory hypoglycemia and subsequent cardiogenic shock in starvation and refeeding: report of three cases. Nutrition 2014; 30(9): 1090–1092.
18. Walmsley RS. Refeeding syndrome: screening, incidence, and treatment during parenteral nutrition. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013; 28(Suppl 4): 113–117.
19. National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care (UK). What to give in hospital and the community. In: Nutrition Support for Adults: Oral Nutrition Support, Enteral Tube Feeding and Parenteral Nutrition. National Collaborating Centre for Acute Care, London, 2006.
20. Gaudiani JL, Sabel AL, Mehler SS. Low prealbumin is a significant predictor of medical complications in severe anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47(2): 148–156.
21. Elnenaei MO, Alaghband-Zadeh J, Sherwood R et al. Leptin and insulin growth factor 1: diagnostic markers of the refeeding syndrome and mortality. Br J Nutr 2011; 106(6): 906–912.
22. Mourtzakis M, Wischmeyer S. Bedside ultrasound measurement of skeletal muscle. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2014; 17(5): 389–395.
23. Tillquist M, Kutsogiannis DJ, Wischmeyer PE et al. Bedside ultrasound is a practical and reliable measurement tool for assessing quadriceps muscle layer thickness. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2014; 38(7): 886–890.
24. Gentile MG. Enteral nutrition for feeding severely underfed patients with anorexia nervosa. Nutrients 2012; 4(9): 1293–1303.
25. Garber AK, Mauldin K, Michihata N et al. Higher calorie diets increase rate of weight gain and shorten hospital stay in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53(5): 579–584.
26. Agostino H, Erdstein J, Di Meglio G. Shifting paradigms: continuous nasogastric feeding with high caloric intakes in anorexia nervosa. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53(5): 590–594.
27. Golden NH, Keane-Miller C, Sainani KL, Kapphahn CJ. Higher caloric intake in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa is associated with reduced length of stay and no increased rate of refeeding syndrome. J Adolesc Health 2013; 53(5): 573–578.
28. Brown KA, Dickerson RN, Morgan LM et al. A new graduated dosing regimen for phosphorus replacement in patients receiving nutrition support. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2006; 30(3): 209–214.
Štítky
Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain management Dental HygienistČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Journal of Czech Physicians
- Advances in the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis on the Horizon
- Spasmolytic Effect of Metamizole
- Metamizole at a Glance and in Practice – Effective Non-Opioid Analgesic for All Ages
- What Effect Can Be Expected from Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis?
- Metamizole in perioperative treatment in children under 14 years – results of a questionnaire survey from practice
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Evaluation and treatment of portal hypertension
- Refeeding syndrome
- Desaturases of fatty acids (FADS) and their physiological and clinical implication
- Czech section of International College of Surgeons and Jubilee surgical world congress