Hyperlipoprotienemias and (not only) atherosclerosis: fragments from history and present
Authors:
Richard Češka
Authors place of work:
Centrum preventivní kardiologie, 3. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze
Published in the journal:
Čas. Lék. čes. 2017; 156: 303-307
Category:
Review Articles
Summary
The examples from the history, as well as the recent view, clearly demonstrate a great change in the perception of hyperlipoprotienemias and dyslipidemias (HLP and DLP) at the end of 20th and at the beginning of 21st century. Our aim is not a complex overview about HLP and DLP. We just want to describe the changing position and importance of these diseases in clinical medicine. We will touch cardiology, angiology, but also diabetology, hepatology and gastroenterology (pancreas).
HLP and DLP, which started as a research topic in laboratory became clinically interesting as risk factors of atherosclerosis. They are understood as epidemic occurrence diseases, also in connection with metabolic syndrome. However, some of them, e.g. familial chylomicronemia or homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia fulfill criteria of rare diseases.
Keywords:
hyperlipoproteinemia, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, statins, PCSK9-inhibitors, familial hypercholesterolemia, familial chylomicronemia
Zdroje
1. Goldstein JL, Hobbs HH, Brown MS. Familial hypercholesterolemia. In: Scriver CR et al. (eds.) The metabolic and molecular bases of inherited disease, vol. 3 (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York, 2001: 2863–2914.
2. Hobbs HH, Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Molecular genetics of the LDL receptor gene in familial hypercholesterolemia. Hum Mutat 1992; 1: 445–466.
3. Innerarity TL, Weisgraber KH, Arnold KS et al. Familial defective apolipoprotein B-100: low density lipoproteins with abnormal receptor binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987: 84: 6919–6923.
4. Fouchier SW, Dallinga-Thie GM, Meijers JC et al. Mutations in STAP1 are associated with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Circ Res 2014; 115: 552–555.
5. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC et al. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2017; 376: 1713–1722.
6. Giugliano RP, Mach F, Zavitz K et al. Evaluation of cognitive function in a randomized trial of evolocumab. N Engl J Med 2017; 377: 633–43.
7. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliano RP et al. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 2387–2397.
8. Nicholls SJ, Puri R, Anderson T et al. Effect of evolocumab on progression of coronary disease in statin-treated patients: the GLAGOV randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016; 316: 2373–2384.
9. Catapano AL, Graham I, De Backer G et al. 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 2999–3058.
10. Češka R a kol. Familiární hypercholesterolemie. Triton, Praha, 2015.
11. Sahebkar A, Watts GF. New LDL-cholesterol lowering therapies: pharmacology, clinical trials, and relevance to acute coronary syndromes. Clin Ther 2013; 35: 1082–1098.
12. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J et al.; Cholesterol Treatment Trialists Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170 000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet 2010; 376: 1670–1681.
13. Jacobson TA, Ito MK, Maki KC et al. National Lipid Association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 1—full report. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9: 129–169.
14. Jacobson TA, Maki KC, Orringer CE et al. National Lipid Association recommendations for patient-centered management of dyslipidemia: part 2. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 9(Suppl. 6): S1–S122.
15. Boekholdt SM, Hovingh GK, Mora S et al. Very low levels of atherogenic lipoproteins and the risk for cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis of statin trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64: 485–494.
16. Wiviott SD, Cannon CP, Morrow DA et al. Can low-density lipoprotein be too low? The safety and efficacy of achieving very low low-density lipoprotein with intensive statin therapy: a PROVE IT-TIMI 22 substudy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1411–1416.
17. Giugliano RP, Wiviott SD, Blazing MA et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of achieving very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: a prespecified analysis of the IMPROVE-IT trial. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2: 547–555.
18. Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Berg K et al. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994; 344: 1383–1389.
19. Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1349–1357.
20. Orringer CE, Jacobson TA, Saseen JJ et al. Update on the use of PCSK9 inhibitors in adults: recommendations from an expert panel of the National Lipid Association. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11: 880–890.
21. Lipinski MJ, Benedetto U, Escarcega RO et al. The impact of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 serine protease inhibitors on lipid levels and outcomes in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia: a network meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2016; 37: 536–545.
22. Koren MJ, Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP et al. Long-term low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering effi cacy, persistence, and safety of evolocumab in treatment of hypercholesterolemia: results up to 4 years from the open-label OSLER-1 extension study. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2: 598–607.
23. Nicholls SJ, Puri R, Anderson T et al. Effect of evolocumab on progression of coronary disease in statin-treated patients: the GLAGOV randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016; 316: 2373–2384.
24. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliano RP et al.; IMPROVE-IT Investigators. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 2387–2397.
25. Kastelein JJ, Wedel MK, Baker BF et al. Potent reduction of apolipoprotein B and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by short-term administration of an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B. Circulation 2006; 114: 1729–1735.
26. Horton JD, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH. PCSK9: a convertase that coordinates LDL catabolism. J Lipid Res 2009, 50(Suppl.): S172–S177.
27. Cohen CJ, Boerwinkle E, Mosley TH et al. Sequence variations in PCSK9, low LDL and protection against coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1264–1272.
28. Stein EA, Mellis S, Yancopoulos GD et al. Effect of monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 on plasma LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med 2012; 366: 1108–1118.
29. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA 1984; 251(3): 351–364.
Štítky
Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain management Dental HygienistČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Journal of Czech Physicians
- Advances in the Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis on the Horizon
- Spasmolytic Effect of Metamizole
- Metamizole at a Glance and in Practice – Effective Non-Opioid Analgesic for All Ages
- What Effect Can Be Expected from Limosilactobacillus reuteri in Mucositis and Peri-Implantitis?
- Metamizole in perioperative treatment in children under 14 years – results of a questionnaire survey from practice
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Quo vadis diabetes technology?
- New directions in bariatric and metabolic surgery
- Glycemic variability and microvascular complications of diabetes
- Incidence of diabetes from the perspective of social security benefits