Histopathological classification of breast cancer in relation to the use the types of systemic treatment

Česká verzia

Authors: Luboš Minář ¹; Vít Weinberger ¹; Eva Jandáková ²
Authors place of work: Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika LF MU a FN Brno ¹; Ústav patologie LF MU a FN Brno ²
Published in the journal: Prakt Gyn 2012; 16(1): 36-41
Category: Oncogynecology: Case report

Summary

Breast cancer is a very heterogeneous group of tumours with a varying range of malignant potential, etiopathogenesis, prognosis and types of treatment. The traditional histopathological classification based on morphological appearance differentiates between the ductal, lobular and other cancers. The present stage of the targeted therapy results from the studies of expression relating to the hormone receptor, gene and protein profiles of tumours. Based on these profiles, breast cancers are divided into four basic groups - cancers with the luminal differentiation A, with the luminal differentiation B, HER2-positive tumours and what is known as „triple negative tumours“. The presence or absence of expression of the hormone receptors and HER2-protein is the essential factor indicating the type of systemic treatment in the complex therapy for breast cancer, as well as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy and targeted biological therapy. The absence of expression of the hormone receptors and, on the other hand, overexpression of HER2-protein, are parameters which significantly influence the prognosis of the disease. They indicate that especially the group of cancers with basal differentiation, that is HER2-positive and triple negative, are prognostically unfavourable.

Key words:
breast cancer – histopathological classification – hormone receptors – targeted therapy – chemotherapy

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