EPCA AND EPCA-2 AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS FOR PROSTATE CANCER DETECTION
Authors:
E. S. Leman; R. H. Getzenberg
Published in the journal:
Urol List 2007; 5(4): 6-9
Summary
Despite this remarkable success, there have been limitations attributed to the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a means for prostate cancer screening and detection. PSA is not specific for prostate cancer and as such is often found elevated in other conditions associated with the aging male such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), as well as men with prostatitis. The magnitude of this problem is large in that there are more than twenty-five million men which have had at least one negative biopsy due to an elevated PSA level. In many of these individuals, they are not certain if the cancer was missed upon the biopsy or whether they actually do not have prostate cancer. A more specific tool that could identify which individuals actually have prostate cancer and differentiate them from those without the disease would be of tremendous value.
Utilizing a focused proteomic approach, our laboratory has identified novel prostate cancer associated biomarkers. One of the hallmarks of the cancer cell is alterations in the shape, size, and morphometry of the nucleus. Since nuclear changes are one of the key features the pathologist uses to identify cancer cells, our goal was to find something at the molecular level that would equal what the pathologist was seeing under the microscope. We therefore focused our effort on the nuclear structural elements termed the nuclear matrix. In doing so, we identified two prostate cancer biomarkers that are associated with the nuclear structure: Early Prostate Cancer Antigen (EPCA) and Early Prostate Cancer Antigen 2 (EPCA-2). These are distinct proteins with the only similarity being the technique that was used to identify them. While EPCA has been shown to be a potentially useful tissue based marker for prostate cancer, EPCA-2 is a serum marker of the disease. In this review, we discuss the role of nuclear structural proteins as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer.
Key words:
nuclear structural elements, nuclear matrix, prostate cancer, biomarkers, EPCA, EPCA-2
Zdroje
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Štítky
Paediatric urologist UrologyČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Urological Journal
2007 Číslo 4
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